Herbicidal mixtures comprising L-glufosinate or its salt and a second herbicide

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to herbicidal mixture comprising L-glufosinate or its salt and a herbicidal compound II selected from chlorthiamid, dichlobenil, flupoxam, indaziflam, isoxaben, triaziflam, 1-cyclohexyl-5-pentafluorphenyloxy-14-[1,2,4,6]thiatriazin-3-ylamine (CAS 175899-01-1), diflufenzopyr, diflufenzopyr-sodium, naptalam and naptalam-sodium, bromobutide, chlorflurenol, chlorflurenol-methyl, cinmethylin, cumyluron, cyclopyrimorate (CAS 499223-49-3) and its salts and esters, dalapon, dazomet, difenzoquat, difenzoquat-metilsulfate, dimethipin, DSMA, dymron, endothal and its salts, etobenzanid, flurenol, flurenol-butyl, flurprimidol, fosamine, fosamine-ammonium, indanofan, maleic hydrazide, mefluidide, metam, methiozolin (CAS 403640-27-7), methyl azide, methyl bromide, methyl-dymron, methyl iodide, MSMA, oleic acid, oxaziclomefone, pelargonic acid, pyributicarb, quinoclamine, tridiphane; bilanaphos (bialaphos) and bilanaphos-sodium. The invention furthermore relates to a method for controlling undesirable vegetation in burndown programs, in industrial vegetation management and forestry, in vegetable and perennial crops and in turf and lawn.

This application is a National Stage application of InternationalApplication No. PCT/EP2018/070942 filed Aug. 2, 2018. This applicationalso claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 to EP Patent Application No.17185459.9, filed Aug. 9, 2017.

DESCRIPTION

The present invention relates to herbicidal mixture comprisingL-glufosinate or its salt and a herbicidal compound II selected fromchlorthiamid, dichlobenil, flupoxam, indaziflam, isoxaben, triaziflam,1-cyclohexyl-5-pentafluorphenyloxy-14-[1,2,4,6]thiatriazin-3-ylamine(CAS 175899-01-1), diflufenzopyr, diflufenzopyr-sodium, naptalam andnaptalam-sodium, bromobutide, chlorflurenol, chlorflurenol-methyl,cinmethylin, cumyluron, cyclopyrimorate (CAS 499223-49-3) and its saltsand esters, dalapon, dazomet, difenzoquat, difenzoquat-metilsulfate,dimethipin, DSMA, dymron, endothal and its salts, etobenzanid, flurenol,flurenol-butyl, flurprimidol, fosamine, fosamine-ammonium, indanofan,maleic hydrazide, mefluidide, metam, methiozolin (CAS 403640-27-7),methyl azide, methyl bromide, methyl-dymron, methyl iodide, MSMA, oleicacid, oxaziclomefone, pelargonic acid, pyributicarb, quinoclamine,tridiphane; bilanaphos (bialaphos) and bilanaphos-sodium. The inventionfurthermore relates to a method for controlling undesirable vegetationin burndown programs, in industrial vegetation management and forestry,in vegetable and perennial crops and in turf and lawn.

Burndown, i.e. the complete removal of weeds from the soil byapplication of herbicides prior to planting or emergence of a crop, isan important tool of modern weed management. Weeds present at plantingwill generally grow much quicker than crop plants and thus compete veryearly in the growing season thereby damaging the crop plants andreducing crop yield. Thus, it is desirable to plant the crop in aweed-free seed bed or to assure that essentially no weeds are presentwhen the crop emerges. Burn-down may also entail weed control on fallowcrop land.

In industrial weed management and forestry, it is desirable to control abroad range of weeds for an extended period of time. The control oflarge weeds, or taller species such as bushes or trees may also bedesirable. Industrial weed management includes for example railway andright-of-way management, fence lines and non-crop land such asindustrial and building sites, gravel areas, roads or sidewalks.Forestry includes for example the clearing of existing forest orbushland, the removal of regrowth after mechanical forest cutting, orthe management of weeds under forestry plantations. In the latter case,it may be desirable to shield desirable trees from contact with thespray solution that contains the herbicidal mixture according to thepresent invention.

Vegetable crops includes for example aubergine, beans, bell pepper,cabbage, chili, cucumber, eggplant, lettuce, melon, onion, potato, sweetpotato, spinach and tomato. For weed control in vegetable crops, it maybe desirable to shield the crops from contact with the spray solutionthat contains the herbicidal mixture according to the present invention.

Perennial crops include trees, nuts and vine crops such as for examplealmond, apple, apricot, avocado, cashew nut, cherry, christmas trees,durian, orange, dragon fruit, grapes, guava, longan, mango, olive,papaya, peach, pear and other pome fruits, pistachio, plum, pomegranate,pomelo and quince and citrus crops including e. g. clementine,grapefruit, lemon, lime, mandarin and nectarine as well as nut cropsincluding e. g. hazelnut, macadamia nut and walnut; and plantation cropssuch as for example banana, cacao, coconut, coffee, oil palm, pepper andother spices, plantain, rubber, sugarcane and tea. Also included areornamentals such as, for example, azaleas, rhododendron, roses andnurseries. For weed control in perennial crops, it may be desirable toshield the crops from contact with the spray solution that contains theherbicidal mixture according to the present invention.

The compositions according to the invention can also be used for weedcontrol in turf and lawn provided the desirable grass species aretolerant to the herbicidal mixture. In particular, such mixtures can beused in desirable grass that has been rendered tolerant to glufosinateby mutagenesis or genetic engineering.

Glufosinate and its salts are non-selective systemic herbicides having agood post-emergence activity against numerous weeds and thus can be usedin burndown programs, in industrial vegetation management and forestry,in vegetable and perennial crops and in turf and lawn. However, soloapplication of glufosinate often yields unsatisfactory weed control, andseveral applications and/or high dosage rates are often required.Moreover, the effectiveness of glufosinate against some weeds is notfully sufficient.

Therefore, it is frequently recommended to apply glufosinate incombination with at least one further herbicide. However, theeffectiveness of such combinations is often not satisfactory and highapplication rates are still required to achieve acceptable weed control.Moreover, the reliability and persistence of such combinations dependsstrongly on the weathering conditions and certain difficult to controlweed species may escape. In addition, the herbicidal activity of thesemixtures persists only for a short time, which allows effective burndownonly within a small timeframe prior to planting a crop.

Thus, it is an object of the present invention to provide a herbicidalmixture, which allows efficient and reliable control of grass andbroadleaf weeds in a burndown program, in industrial vegetationmanagement and forestry, in vegetable and perennial crops and in turfand lawn. Moreover, the persistence of the herbicidal activity of themixture should be sufficiently long in order to achieve control of theweeds over a sufficient long time period thus allowing a more flexibleapplication. The mixture should also have a low toxicity to humans orother mammals. The mixtures should also show an accelerated action onharmful plants, i.e. they should affect damaging of the harmful plantsmore quickly in comparison with application of the individualherbicides.

Glufosinate is a racemate of two enantiomers, out of which only oneshows sufficient herbicidal activity (see e.g. U.S. Pat. No. 4,265,654and JP92448/83). Even though various methods to prepare L-glufosinate(and respective salts) are known, the mixtures known in the art do notpoint at the stereochemistry, meaning that the racemate is present (e.g.WO2013154396).

Surprisingly, it has been found that mixtures of L-glufosinate or itssalt and a herbicidal compound II show a higher activity in burndownprogramms, in industrial vegetation management and forestry, invegetable and perennial crops and in turf and lawn, if compared toL-glufosinate alone.

Surprisingly, it has been found that mixtures of L-glufosinate or itssalt and a herbicidal compound II show a higher activity in burndownprogramms, in industrial vegetation management and forestry, invegetable and perennial crops and in turf and lawn, if compared tomixtures of racemic glufosinate and a herbicidal compound II.

Thus, the present invention relates to herbicidal mixtures of

-   -   1) L-glufosinate or its salt as compound I and    -   2) a herbicidal compound II as compound II, which is selected        from the group consisting of chlorthiamid, dichlobenil,        flupoxam, indaziflam, isoxaben, triaziflam,        1-cyclohexyl-5-pentafluorphenyloxy-14-[1,2,4,6]thiatriazin-3-ylamine        (CAS 175899-01-1), diflufenzopyr, diflufenzopyr-sodium, naptalam        and naptalam-sodium, bromobutide, chlorflurenol,        chlorflurenol-methyl, cinmethylin, cumyluron, cyclopyrimorate        (CAS 499223-49-3) and its salts and esters, dalapon, dazomet,        difenzoquat, difenzoquat-metilsulfate, dimethipin, DSMA, dymron,        endothal and its salts, etobenzanid, flurenol, flurenol-butyl,        flurprimidol, fosamine, fosamine-ammonium, indanofan, maleic        hydrazide, mefluidide, metam, methiozolin (CAS 403640-27-7),        methyl azide, methyl bromide, methyl-dymron, methyl iodide,        MSMA, oleic acid, oxaziclomefone, pelargonic acid, pyributicarb,        quinoclamine, tridiphane; bilanaphos (bialaphos) and        bilanaphos-sodium.

In a preferred embodiment, the abovementioned invention relates toherbicidal mixtures as described above, wherein L-glufosinate comprisesmore than 70% by weight of the L-enantiomer.

Glufosinate [common name ofDL-4-[hydroxyl(methyl)phosphinoyl]-DL-homoalaninate] and its salts suchas glufosinate ammonium and its herbicidal activity have been describede.g. by F. Schwerdtle et al. Z. Pflanzenkr. Pflanzenschutz, 1981,Sonderheft IX, pp. 431-440. Glufosinate as racemate and its salts arecommercially available, e.g. from Bayer CropScience under the tradenamesBasta™ and Liberty™.

L-Glufosinate as used in the present invention comprises more than 70%by weight of the L-enantiomer; preferably more than 80% by weight of theL-enantiomer; more preferably more than 90% of the L-entantiomer, mostpreferably more than 95% of the L-enantiomer and can be prepared asreferred to above. L-Glufosinate can be prepared according to methodsknown in the art, e.g. as described in WO2006/104120, U.S. Pat. No.5,530,142, EP0127429 and J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 1, 1992, 1525-1529.

L-Glufosinate, also called glufosinate-P, is(2S)-2-amino-4-[hydroxy(methyl)phosphinoyl]butyric acid (CAS Reg. No.35597-44-5). Relevant salts of L-glufosinate are L-glufosinate-ammonium(also called glufosinate-P-ammonium), which is ammonium(2S)-2-amino-4-(methylphosphinato)butyric acid (CAS Reg. No.73777-50-1); L-glufosinate-sodium (also called glufosinate-P-sodium),which is sodium (2S)-2-amino-4-(methylphosphinato)butyric acid (CAS Reg.No. 70033-13-5) and L-glufosinate-potassium (also calledglufosinate-P-potassium), which is potassium(2S)-2-amino-4-(methylphosphinato)butyric acid.

Compounds II as well as their pesticidal action and methods forproducing them are generally known, for example in the Pesticide ManualV5.2 (ISBN 978 1 901396 85 0) (2008-2011) amongst other sources.

In the inventive mixtures the weight ratio of compound I to compound IIis preferably from 1000:1 to 1:500, 400:1 to 1:40, more preferably 500:1to 1:250, in particular from 200:1 to 1:20, even more preferably from100:1 to 1:10, most preferrably 50:1 to 1:5.

Furthermore, mixtures are preferred, which containL-glufosinate-ammonium or L-glufosinate-sodium as L-glufosinate salts orL-glufosinate as free acid. Especially preferred are mixtures, whichcontain L-glufosinate-ammonium as L-glufosinate salt.

Preferred compounds II are dichlobenil, diflufenzopyr,diflufenzopyr-sodium, cinmethylin, bromobutide, cyclopyrimorate (CAS499223-49-3) and its salts and esters, endothall and oxaziclomefone.

Further preferred compounds II are triaziflam, indanofan, methiozolinand oxaziclomefone.

Further preferred compounds II are triaziflam, indanofan andmethiozolin.

In one embodiment of the invention, compound II is triaziflam.

In another embodiment of the invention, compound II is indanofan.

In another embodiment of the invention, compound II is methiozolin.

Thus, preferred mixtures of the present invention are mixtures ofL-glufosinate-ammonium or L-glufosinate-sodium as L-glufosinate salts orL-glufosinate as free acid and a herbicidal compound II selected fromthe group consisting of dichlobenil, diflufenzopyr,diflufenzopyr-sodium, cinmethylin, bromobutide, cyclopyrimorate (CAS499223-49-3) and its salts and esters, endothall and oxaziclomefone.

Even more preferred are mixtures of the present invention are mixturesof L-glufosinate-ammonium or L-glufosinate-sodium as L-glufosinate saltsor L-glufosinate as free acid and a herbicidal compound II selected fromthe group consisting of triaziflam, indanofan, methiozolin andoxaziclomefone, preferably selected from the group consisting oftriaziflam, indanofan and methiozolin.

All preferred mixtures are listed in table 2, wherein the followingabbreviations are used in table 1:

TABLE 1 Compound Abbreviation L-glufosinate-ammonium I-1L-glufosinate-sodium I-2 L-glufosinate as free acid I-3 dichlobenil II-1diflufenzopyr II-2 diflufenzopyr-sodium II-3 cinmethylin II-4bromobutide II-5 cyclopyrimorate and its salts and esters II-6 endothalII-7 oxaziclomefone II-8 indaziflam II-9 triaziflam II-10 indanofanII-11 methiozolin II-12

TABLE 2 No I II M-1 I-1 II-1 M-2 I-1 II-2 M-3 I-1 II-3 M-4 I-1 II-4 M-5I-1 II-5 M-6 I-1 II-6 M-7 I-1 II-7 M-8 I-1 II-8 M-9 I-1 II-9 M-10 I-1II-10 M-11 I-1 II-11 M-12 I-1 II-12 M-13 I-2 II-1 M-14 I-2 II-2 M-15 I-2II-3 M-16 I-2 II-4 M-17 I-2 II-5 M-18 I-2 II-6 M-19 I-2 II-7 M-20 I-2II-8 M-21 I-2 II-9 M-22 I-2 II-10 M-23 I-2 II-11 M-24 I-2 II-12 M-25 I-3II-1 M-26 I-3 II-2 M-27 I-3 II-3 M-28 I-3 II-4 M-29 I-3 II-5 M-30 I-3II-6 M-31 I-3 II-7 M-32 I-3 II-8 M-33 I-3 II-9 M-34 I-3 II-10 M-35 I-3II-11 M-36 I-3 II-12

Preferred mixtures of the present invention are mixtures ofL-glufosinate-ammonium or L-glufosinate-sodium as L-glufosinate salts orL-glufosinate as free acid and at least one compound II selected fromthe group consisting of dichlobenil, diflufenzopyr, diflufenzopyr-sodiumand cinmethylin.

Preferred mixtures of the present invention are mixtures ofL-glufosinate-ammonium or L-glufosinate-sodium as L-glufosinate salts orL-glufosinate as free acid and at least one compound II selected fromthe group consisting of cinmethylin, oxaziclomefone, indaziflam,triaziflam, indanofan and methiozolin.

Preferred mixtures of the present invention are mixtures ofL-glufosinate-ammonium or L-glufosinate-sodium as L-glufosinate salts orL-glufosinate as free acid and at least one compound II selected fromthe group consisting of triaziflam, indanofan and methiozolin.

In one embodiment of the invention, the mixture is a mixture ofL-glufosinate-ammonium or L-glufosinate-sodium as L-glufosinate salts orL-glufosinate as free acid and triaziflam.

In another embodiment of the invention, the mixture is a mixture ofL-glufosinate-ammonium or L-glufosinate-sodium as L-glufosinate salts orL-glufosinate as free acid and indanofan.

In another embodiment of the invention, the mixture is a mixture ofL-glufosinate-ammonium or L-glufosinate-sodium as L-glufosinate salts orL-glufosinate as free acid and methiozolin.

Thus, preferred are mixtures M-1, M-2, M-3, M-4, M-13, M-14, M-15, M-16,M-25, M-26, M-27 and M-28. Also preferred are M-8, M-20 and M-32.

Further preferred are mixtures M-1, M-2, M-3 and M-4.

In a further embodiment, preferred mixtures are M-4, M-8, M-9, M-10,M-11, M-12, M-16, M-20, M-21, M-22, M-23, M-24, M-28, M-32, M-33, M-24,M-35, M-36.

Further preferred mixtures are M-10, M-11, M-12, M-22, M-23, M-24, M-34,M-35, M-36.

In one embodiment, the mixture is M-10, M-22 or M-34, preferably M-10.

In another embodiment, the mixture is M-11, M-23 or M-35, preferablyM-11.

In another embodiment, the mixture is M-12, M-24 or M-36, preferablyM-12.

All above-referred mixtures are herein below referred to as “inventivemixtures”.

The inventive mixtures can further contain one or more insecticides,fungicides, herbicides.

The inventive mixtures can be converted into customary types ofagrochemical mixtures, e. g. solutions, emulsions, suspensions, dusts,powders, pastes, granules, pressings, capsules, and mixtures thereof.Examples for mixture types are suspensions (e.g. SC, OD, FS),emulsifiable concentrates (e.g. EC), emulsions (e.g. EW, EO, ES, ME),capsules (e.g. CS, ZC), pastes, pastilles, wetable powders or dusts(e.g. WP, SP, WS, DP, DS), pressings (e.g. BR, TB, DT), granules (e.g.WG, SG, GR, FG, GG, MG), insecticidal articles (e.g. LN), as well as gelformulations for the treatment of plant propagation materials such asseeds (e.g. GF). These and further mixtures types are defined in the“Catalogue of pesticide formulation types and international codingsystem”, Technical Monograph No. 2, 6^(th) Ed. May 2008, CropLifeInternational.

The mixtures are prepared in a known manner, such as described by Molletand Grubemann, Formulation technology, Wiley VCH, Weinheim, 2001; orKnowles, New developments in crop protection product formulation, AgrowReports DS243, T&F Informa, London, 2005.

Suitable auxiliaries are solvents, liquid carriers, solid carriers orfillers, surfactants, dispersants, emulsifiers, wetters, adjuvants,solubilizers, penetration enhancers, protective colloids, adhesionagents, thickeners, humectants, repellents, attractants, feedingstimulants, compatibilizers, bactericides, anti-freezing agents,anti-foaming agents, colorants, tackifiers and binders.

Suitable solvents and liquid carriers are water and organic solvents,such as mineral oil fractions of medium to high boiling point, e.g.kerosene, diesel oil; oils of vegetable or animal origin; aliphatic,cyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons, e. g. toluene, paraffin,tetrahydronaphthalene, alkylated naphthalenes; alcohols, e.g. ethanol,propanol, butanol, benzylalcohol, cyclohexanol; glycols; DMSO; ketones,e.g. cyclohexanone; esters, e.g. lactates, carbonates, fatty acidesters, gamma-butyrolactone; fatty acids; phosphonates; amines; amides,e.g. N-methylpyrrolidone, fatty acid dimethylamides; and mixturesthereof.

Suitable solid carriers or fillers are mineral earths, e.g. silicates,silica gels, talc, kaolins, limestone, lime, chalk, clays, dolomite,diatomaceous earth, bentonite, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate,magnesium oxide; polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch; fertilizers,e.g. ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, ureas;products of vegetable origin, e.g. cereal meal, tree bark meal, woodmeal, nutshell meal, and mixtures thereof.

Suitable surfactants are surface-active compounds, such as anionic,cationic, nonionic and amphoteric surfactants, block polymers,polyelectrolytes, and mixtures thereof. Such surfactants can be used asemulsifier, dispersant, solubilizer, wetter, penetration enhancer,protective colloid, or adjuvant. Examples of surfactants are listed inMcCutcheon's, Vol. 1: Emulsifiers & Detergents, McCutcheon'sDirectories, Glen Rock, USA, 2008 (International Ed. or North AmericanEd.)

Suitable anionic surfactants are alkali, alkaline earth or ammoniumsalts of sulfonates, sulfates, phosphates, carboxylates, and mixturesthereof. Examples of sulfonates are alkylarylsulfonates,diphenylsulfonates, alpha-olefin sulfonates, lignine sulfonates,sulfonates of fatty acids and oils, sulfonates of ethoxylatedalkylphenols, sulfonates of alkoxylated arylphenols, sulfonates ofcondensed naphthalenes, sulfonates of dodecyl- and tridecylbenzenes,sulfonates of naphthalenes and alkylnaphthalenes, sulfosuccinates orsulfosuccinamates. Examples of sulfates are sulfates of fatty acids andoils, of ethoxylated alkylphenols, of alcohols, of ethoxylated alcohols,or of fatty acid esters. Examples of phosphates are phosphate esters.Examples of carboxylates are alkyl carboxylates, and carboxylatedalcohol or alkylphenol ethoxylates.

Suitable nonionic surfactants are alkoxylates, N-subsituted fatty acidamides, amine oxides, esters, sugar-based surfactants, polymericsurfactants, and mixtures thereof. Examples of alkoxylates are compoundssuch as alcohols, alkylphenols, amines, amides, arylphenols, fatty acidsor fatty acid esters which have been alkoxylated with 1 to 50equivalents. Ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide may be employed forthe alkoxylation, preferably ethylene oxide. Examples of N-subsitituedfatty acid amides are fatty acid glucamides or fatty acid alkanolamides.Examples of esters are fatty acid esters, glycerol esters ormonoglycerides. Examples of sugar-based surfactants are sorbitans,ethoxylated sorbitans, sucrose and glucose esters oralkylpolyglucosides. Examples of polymeric surfactants are home- orcopolymers of vinylpyrrolidone, vinylalcohols, or vinylacetate.

Suitable cationic surfactants are quaternary surfactants, for examplequaternary ammonium compounds with one or two hydrophobic groups, orsalts of long-chain primary amines. Suitable amphoteric surfactants arealkylbetains and imidazolines. Suitable block polymers are blockpolymers of the A-B or A-B-A type comprising blocks of polyethyleneoxide and polypropylene oxide, or of the A-B-C type comprising alkanol,polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide. Suitable polyelectrolytesare polyacids or polybases. Examples of polyacids are alkali salts ofpolyacrylic acid or polyacid comb polymers. Examples of polybases arepolyvinylamines or polyethyleneamines.

Suitable adjuvants are compounds, which have a neglectable or even nopesticidal activity themselves, and which improve the biologicalperformance of the inventive mixtures on the target. Examples aresurfactants, mineral or vegetable oils, and other auxilaries. Furtherexamples are listed by Knowles, Adjuvants and additives, Agrow ReportsDS256, T&F Informa UK, 2006, chapter 5.

Suitable thickeners are polysaccharides (e.g. xanthan gum,carboxymethylcellulose), anorganic clays (organically modified orunmodified), polycarboxylates, and silicates.

Suitable bactericides are bronopol and isothiazolinone derivatives suchas alkylisothiazolinones and benzisothiazolinones.

Suitable anti-freezing agents are ethylene glycol, propylene glycol,urea and glycerin.

Suitable anti-foaming agents are silicones, long chain alcohols, andsalts of fatty acids.

Suitable colorants (e.g. in red, blue, or green) are pigments of lowwater solubility and water-soluble dyes. Examples are inorganiccolorants (e.g. iron oxide, titan oxide, iron hexacyanoferrate) andorganic colorants (e.g. alizarin-, azo- and phthalocyanine colorants).

Suitable tackifiers or binders are polyvinylpyrrolidons,polyvinylacetates, polyvinyl alcohols, polyacrylates, biological orsynthetic waxes, and cellulose ethers.

Examples for mixture types and their preparation are:

i) Water-soluble concentrates (SL, LS)

10-60 wt % of an inventive mixture and 5-15 wt % wetting agent (e.g.alcohol alkoxylates) are dissolved in water and/or in a water-solublesolvent (e.g. alcohols) ad 100 wt %. The active substance dissolves upondilution with water.

ii) Dispersible concentrates (DC)

5-25 wt % of an inventive mixture and 1-10 wt % dispersant (e. g.polyvinylpyrrolidone) are dissolved in organic solvent (e.g.cyclohexanone) ad 100 wt %. Dilution with water gives a dispersion.

iii) Emulsifiable concentrates (EC)

15-70 wt % of an inventive mixture and 5-10 wt % emulsifiers (e.g.calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and castor oil ethoxylate) are dissolvedin water-insoluble organic solvent (e.g. aromatic hydrocarbon) ad 100 wt%. Dilution with water gives an emulsion.

iv) Emulsions (EW, EO, ES)

5-40 wt % of an inventive mixture and 1-10 wt % emulsifiers (e.g.calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and castor oil ethoxylate) are dissolvedin 20-40 wt % water-insoluble organic solvent (e.g. aromatichydrocarbon). This mixture is introduced into water ad 100 wt % by meansof an emulsifying machine and made into a homogeneous emulsion. Dilutionwith water gives an emulsion.

v) Suspensions (SC, OD, FS)

In an agitated ball mill, 20-60 wt % of an inventive mixture arecomminuted with addition of 2-10 wt % dispersants and wetting agents(e.g. sodium lignosulfonate and alcohol ethoxylate), 0.1-2 wt %thickener (e.g. xanthan gum) and water ad 100 wt % to give a fine activesubstance suspension. Dilution with water gives a stable suspension ofthe active substance. For FS type mixture up to 40 wt % binder (e.g.polyvinylalcohol) is added.

vi) Water-dispersible granules and water-soluble granules (WG, SG)

50-80 wt % of an inventive mixture are ground finely with addition ofdispersants and wetting agents (e.g. sodium lignosulfonate and alcoholethoxylate) ad 100 wt % and prepared as water-dispersible orwater-soluble granules by means of technical appliances (e. g.extrusion, spray tower, fluidized bed). Dilution with water gives astable dispersion or solution of the active substance.

vii) Water-dispersible powders and water-soluble powders (WP, SP, WS)

50-80 wt % of an inventive mixture are ground in a rotor-stator millwith addition of 1-5 wt % dispersants (e.g. sodium lignosulfonate), 1-3wt % wetting agents (e.g. alcohol ethoxylate) and solid carrier (e.g.silica gel) ad 100 wt %. Dilution with water gives a stable dispersionor solution of the active substance.

viii) Gel (GW, GF)

In an agitated ball mill, 5-25 wt % of an inventive mixture arecomminuted with addition of 3-10 wt % dispersants (e.g. sodiumlignosulfonate), 1-5 wt % thickener (e.g. carboxymethylcellulose) andwater ad 100 wt % to give a fine suspension of the active substance.Dilution with water gives a stable suspension of the active substance.

ix) Microemulsion (ME)

5-20 wt % of an inventive mixture are added to 5-30 wt % organic solventblend (e.g. fatty acid dimethylamide and cyclohexanone), 10-25 wt %surfactant blend (e.g. alcohol ethoxylate and arylphenol ethoxylate),and water ad 100%. This mixture is stirred for 1 h to producespontaneously a thermodynamically stable microemulsion.

x) Microcapsules (CS)

An oil phase comprising 5-50 wt % of an inventive mixture, 0-40 wt %water insoluble organic solvent (e.g. aromatic hydrocarbon), 2-15 wt %acrylic monomers (e.g. methylmethacrylate, methacrylic acid and a di- ortriacrylate) are dispersed into an aqueous solution of a protectivecolloid (e.g. polyvinyl alcohol). Radical polymerization initiated by aradical initiator results in the formation of poly(meth)acrylatemicrocapsules. Alternatively, an oil phase comprising 5-50 wt % of aninventive mixture according to the invention, 0-40 wt % water insolubleorganic solvent (e.g. aromatic hydrocarbon), and an isocyanate monomer(e.g. diphenylmethene-4,4′-diisocyanatae) are dispersed into an aqueoussolution of a protective colloid (e.g. polyvinyl alcohol). The additionof a polyamine (e.g. hexamethylenediamine) results in the formation ofpolyurea microcapsules. The monomers amount to 1-10 wt %. The wt %relate to the total CS mixture.

xi) Dustable powders (DP, DS)

1-10 wt % of an inventive mixture are ground finely and mixed intimatelywith solid carrier (e.g. finely divided kaolin) ad 100 wt %.

xii) Granules (GR, FG)

0.5-30 wt % of an inventive mixture is ground finely and associated withsolid carrier (e.g. silicate) ad 100 wt %. Granulation is achieved byextrusion, spray-drying or fluidized bed.

xiii) Ultra-low volume liquids (UL)

1-50 wt % of an inventive mixture are dissolved in organic solvent (e.g.aromatic hydrocarbon) ad 100 wt %.

The mixtures types i) to xiii) may optionally comprise furtherauxiliaries, such as 0.1-1 wt % bactericides, 5-15 wt % anti-freezingagents, 0.1-1 wt % anti-foaming agents, and 0.1-1 wt % colorants.

The resulting agrochemical mixtures generally comprise between 0.01 and95%, preferably between 0.1 and 90%, and in particular between 0.5 and75%, by weight of active substance. The active substances are employedin a purity of from 90% to 100%, preferably from 95% to 100% (accordingto NMR spectrum).

Solutions for seed treatment (LS), Suspoemulsions (SE), flowableconcentrates (FS), powders for dry treatment (DS), water-dispersiblepowders for slurry treatment (WS), water-soluble powders (SS), emulsions(ES), emulsifiable concentrates (EC) and gels (GF) are usually employedfor the purposes of treatment of plant propagation materials,particularly seeds. The mixtures in question give, after two-to-tenfolddilution, active substance concentrations of from 0.01 to 60% by weight,preferably from 0.1 to 40%, in the ready-to-use preparations.Application can be carried out before or during sowing. Methods forapplying the inventive mixtures and mixtures thereof, respectively, onto plant propagation material, especially seeds include dressing,coating, pelleting, dusting, soaking and in-furrow application methodsof the propagation material. Preferably, the inventive mixtures or themixtures thereof, respectively, are applied on to the plant propagationmaterial by a method such that germination is not induced, e. g. by seeddressing, pelleting, coating and dusting.

The invention also relates to an herbicidal formulation, which comprisesa herbicidally active mixture as defined herein and at least one carriermaterial, including liquid and/or solid carrier materials.

Various types of oils, wetters, adjuvants, fertilizer, ormicronutrients, and further pesticides (e.g. herbicides, insecticides,fungicides, growth regulators, safeners) may be added to the activesubstances or the inventive mixtures comprising them as premix or, ifappropriate not until immediately prior to use (tank mix). These agentscan be admixed with the inventive mixtures in a weight ratio of 1:100 to100:1, preferably 1:10 to 10:1.

The user applies the mixture according to the invention usually from apredosage device, a knapsack sprayer, a spray tank, a spray plane, or anirrigation system. Usually, the agrochemical mixture is made up withwater, buffer, and/or further auxiliaries to the desired applicationconcentration and the ready-to-use spray liquor or the agrochemicalmixture according to the invention is thus obtained. Usually, 20 to 2000liters, preferably 50 to 400 liters, of the ready-to-use spray liquorare applied per hectare of agricultural useful area.

As outlined above, the invention also relates to the use of a mixture asdefined herein for controlling undesirable vegetation in burndownprograms, in industrial vegetation management and forestry, in vegetableand perennial crops and in turf and lawn, wherein the inventive mixturescan be applied pre- or post-emergence, i.e. before, during and/or afteremergence of the undesirable plants. Preferred is the application aspost-emergence treatment, i.e. during and/or after emergence of theundesirable plants. Herein, the inventive mixtures are applied to alocus where crops will be planted before planting or emergence of thecrop.

Therefore, the present invention also relates to a method for burndowntreatment of undesirable vegetation in crops, comprising applying aninventive mixture to a locus where crops will be planted before planting(or seeding) or emergence of the crop. Herein, the inventive mixture isapplied undesirable vegetation or the locus thereof.

Thus, present invention therefore relates to a method for controllingundesirable vegetation, which method comprises applying an inventivemixture to a locus where undesirable vegetation is present or isexpected to be present, wherein application can be done before, duringand/or after, preferably during and/or after, the emergence of theundesirable vegetation

As used herein, the terms “controlling” and “combating” are synonyms.

As used herein, the terms “undesirable vegetation”, “undesirablespecies”, “undesirable plants”, “harmful plants”, “undesirable weeds”,or “harmfull weeds” are synonyms.

The term “locus”, as used herein, means the area in which the vegetationor plants are growing or will grow, typically a field.

In such burndown programs, the inventive mixtures can be applied priorto seeding (planting) or after seeding (or planting) of the crop plantsbut before the emergence of the crop plants, in particular prior toseeding. The inventive mixtures are preferably applied prior to seedingof the crop plants. For burndown, the inventive mixtures will generallybe applied a date up to 9 months, frequently up to 6 months, preferablyup to 4 months prior to planting the crop. The burndown application canbe done at a date up to 1 day prior to emergence of the crop plant andis preferably done at a date prior to seeding/planting of the cropplant, preferably at a date of at least one day, preferably at least 2days and in particular at least one 4 days prior to planting or from 6months to 1 day prior emergence, in particular from 4 months to 2 daysprior emergence and more preferably from 4 month to 4 days prioremergence. It is, of course, possible to repeat the burndown applicationonce or more, e.g. once, twice, three times, four times or five timeswithin that time frame.

It is a particular benefit of the inventive mixtures that they have avery good post-emergence herbicide activity, i.e. they show a goodherbicidal activity against emerged undesirable plants. Thus, in apreferred embodiment of invention, the inventive mixtures are appliedpost-emergence, i.e. during and/or after, the emergence of theundesirable plants. It is particularly advantageous to apply theinventive mixtures post emergent when the undesirable plant starts withleaf development up to flowering. The inventive mixtures areparticularly useful for controlling undesirable vegetation which hasalready developed to a state, which is difficult to control withconventional burndown mixtures, i.e. when the individual weed is tallerthan 10 cm (4 inches) or even taller than 15 cm (6 inches) and/or forheavy weed populations.

In the case of a post-emergence treatment of the plants, the inventivemixtures are preferably applied by foliar application.

If the active compounds I and II are less well tolerated by certain cropplants, application techniques may be used in which the herbicidalcompositions are sprayed, with the aid of the spraying equipment, insuch a way that as far as possible they do not come into contact withthe leaves of the sensitive crop plants, while the active compoundsreach the leaves of undesirable plants growing underneath, or the baresoil surface (post-directed, lay-by). In addition, spray shields may beused.

Application may be effected, for example, by usual spraying techniqueswith water as the carrier, using amounts of spray mixture of usuallyfrom 10 to 2000 l/ha, in particular 50 to 1000 l/ha.

The required application rate of the mixture of the pure activecompounds depends on the density of the undesired vegetation, on thedevelopment stage of the plants, on the climatic conditions of thelocation where the mixture is used and on the application method. Ingeneral, the application rate of the mixture is from 55 to 6000 g/ha,preferably from 100 to 5000 g/ha, from 200 to 4000 g/ha, and morepreferably from 300 to 3000 g/ha of active ingredient (a.i.).

When using the inventive mixtures in the methods of the presentinvention, the active compounds present in the inventive mixtures can beapplied simultaneously or in succession, where undesirable vegetationmay occur. Herein, it is immaterial whether the individual compoundspresent in the inventive mixtures are formulated jointly or separatelyand applied jointly or separately, and, in the case of separateapplication, in which order the application takes place. It is onlynecessary, that the individual compounds present in the inventivemixtures are applied in a time frame, which allows simultaneous actionof the active ingredients on the undesirable plants.

As mentioned above, the inventive mixtures have several advantages i.e.enhanced herbicide action in comparison if compared to mixtures ofracemic glufosinate with a herbicidal compound II.

Moreover, the inventive mixtures show a persistant herbicidal activity,even under difficult weathering conditions, which allows a more flexibleapplication in burndown applications and minimizes the risk of weedsescaping. Apart form that, the inventive mixtures show superior cropcompatibility with certain conventional crop plants and with herbicidetolerant crop plants, i.e. their use in these crops leads to a reduceddamage of the crop plants and/or does not result in increased damage ofthe crop plants. Thus, the inventive mixtures can also be applied afterthe emergence of the crop plants. The inventive mixtures may also showan accelerated action on harmful plants, i.e. they may affect damage ofthe harmful plants more quickly if compared to mixtures of racemicglufosinate with a herbicidal compound II.

Both L-glufosinate alone as well as, in the methods of the presentinvention, the inventive mixtures are suitable for controlling a largenumber of harmful plants in agricultural crops, includingmonocotyledonous weeds, in particular annual weeds such as gramineousweeds (grasses) including Echinochloa species such as barnyardgrass(Echinochloa crusgalli var. crus-galli), Echinchloa walteri (Pursh)Heller, jungle rice (Echinochloa colona), Echinochloa crus-pavonis,Echinochloa oryzicola, Digitaria species such as crabgrass (Digitariasanguinalis), Digitaria horizontalis, sourgrass (Digitaria insularis) ornaked crabgrass (Digitaria nuda), Setaria species such as green foxtail(Setaria viridis), giant foxtail (Setaria faberii), yellow foxtail(Setaria glauca or Setaria pumila) or Setaria verticillata, Sorghumspecies such as johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense Pers.), Avena speciessuch as wild oats (Avena fatua), Avena sterillis or Avena strigosa,Cenchrus species such as Cenchrus species such as field sandbur(Cenchrus pauciflorus) or Cenchrus echinatus, Bromus species such asBromus japonicus Thunb, Bromus sterilis or Bromus tectorum, Loliumspecies, Phalaris species such as Phalaris brachystachys, Phalaris minoror Phalaris persicaria, Eriochloa species, Panicum species such as fallpanicum (Panicum dichotomiflorum), Panicum fasciculatum or Panicummaximum, Brachiaria species, annual bluegrass (Poa annus), Alopecurusspecies such as blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides), Alopecurus aequalisSobol or Alopecurus japonicus Steud, Aegilops species such as Aegilopscylindrica or Aegylops tauschii, Apera spica-venti, Eleusine indica,Cynodon dactylon, couch grass (Agropyron repens or Elymus repens),Agrostis alba, Beckmannia syzigachne (Steud.) Fernald, Chloris speciessuch as Chloris virgata, Commelina species such as Commelinabenghalensis, Commelina communis, Commelina diffusa or Commelina erecta,Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Hordeum jubatum, Hordeum leporinum, Imperatacylindrica, lschaemum rogusum, Ixophorus unisetus, Leerisa hexandra,Leersia japonica, Leptochloa species such as Leptochloa chinensis,Leptochloa fascicularis, Leptochloa filiformis or Leptochloa panicoides,Lolium species such as Lolium multiflorum, Lolium perenne, Loliumpersicum or rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum), Luziola subintegra,Murdannia nudiflora (L.) Brenan, Oryza latifolia, Oryza rufipogon,Paspalum distichum, Paspalum species, Pennisetum americanum, Pennisetumpurpureum, Phleum paniculatum, Phragmites australia, Ploypogon fugax.N., Poa species such as Poa annua or Poa trivialis L., Puccinelliadistans, Rottboellia cochinchinensis, Sclerochloa kengiana (Ohwi)Tzvel., Trichloris crinita, Urochloa or Brachiaria species such asBrachiaria decumbens, Brachiaria plantaginea, Brachiaria platyphylla,Urochloa panicoides, Urochloa ramosa and the like.

Both L-glufosinate alone as well as the inventive mixtures are alsosuitable for controlling a large number of dicotyledonous weeds, inparticular broad leaf weeds including Polygonum species such as wildbuckwheat (Polygonum convolvolus), Polygonum pensilvanicum, Polygonumpersicaria or prostrate knotweed (Polygonum aviculare), Amaranthusspecies such as pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), Palmer amaranth(Amaranthus palmeri), tall waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus orAmaranthus rudis), redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), greenamaranth (Amaranthus hybridus), purple amaranth (Amaranthus lividus),prickly amaranth (Amaranthus spinosus) or Amaranthus quitensis,Chenopodium species such as common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.),Chenopodium serotinum or Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa), Sida species suchas prickly sida (Sida spinosa L.), Ambrosia species such as commonragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) or giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida),Acanthospermum species, Anthemis species such as Anthemis arvensis orAnthemis cotula, Atriplex species, Cirsium species such as Cirsiumarvense, Convolvulus species such as field bindweed (Convolvulusarvensis), Conyza species such as horseweed (Conyza canadensis, Erigeroncanadensis) or hairy fleabane (Conyza bonariensis, Erigeronbonariensis), Cassia species, Datura species such as jimsonweed (Daturastramonium), Euphorbia species such as toothed spurge (Euphorbiadentata), Euphorbia hirta, Euphorbia helioscopia or fireplant (Euphorbiaheterophylla), Geranium species such as Geranium donianum or Geraniumpusillum, Galinsoga species, morningglory (Ipomoea species), Lamiumspecies such as henbit dead-nettle (Lamium amplexicaule), Malva speciessuch as dwarf mallow (Malva neglecta) or cheeseweed (Malwa parviflora),Matricaria species such as chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) orMatricaria inodora, Sysimbrium species, Solanum species such as blacknightshade (Solanum nigrum), Xanthium species, Veronica species such asVeronica polita, Viola species, common chickweed (Stellaria media),velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti), Sesbania species such as Sesbaniaexaltata, Sesbania herbacea or hemp sesbania (Sesbania exaltata Cory),Anoda cristata, Bidens species such as Bidens frondosa or Bidens pilosa,Brassica kaber, Capsella species such as Capsella media or Capsellabursa-pastoris, Centaurea cyanus, Galeopsis tetrahit, Galium aparine,Helianthus annuus, Desmodium tortuosum, Kochia scoparia, Mercurialisannua, Myosotis arvensis, Papaver rhoeas, Raphanus species such as wildradish (Raphanus raphanistrum), Salsola species such as Salsola tragusor Salsola kali, Sinapis arvensis, Sonchus species such as Sonchusasper, Sonchus arvensis or Sonchus oleraceus, Thlaspi arvense, Tagetesminuta, Richardia species such as Richardia scabra or Richardiabrasiliensis, Aeschynomeme species such as Aeschynomene denticulata,Aeschynomene indica or Aeschynomene rudis, Alisma species such as Alismacanaliculatum or Alisma plantago-aquatica, Borreria species such asBorreria verticillata, Brassica rapa, Carduus acanthoides, Parietariadebilis, Portulaca oleracea, Ipomoea species such as Ipomoeagrandifolia, Ipomoea hederacea, Ipomoea indivisa, Ipomoea lacunose,Ipomoea lonchophylla or Ipomoea wrightii, Senna obtusifolia, Sidaspecies such as arrowleaf sida (Sida rhombifolia) or prickly sida (Sidaspinosa), Spermacoce latifolia, Tridax procumbens, Trianthemaportulacastrum, Parthenium hysterophorus, Portulaca oleracea, Acalyphaaustralis, Ammi majus, Atriplex species, Orobanche species, Mercurialisannua, Cirsium arvense, Calystegia sepium, Stellaria media, Lamiumspecies, Viola species, Celosia argentea, Melampodium divaricatum,Cleome viscosa, Molugo verticilatus, Borhevia erecta, Gomphrena species,Nicandra physalodes, Ricinus communis, Geranium dissectum, Alternantheraspecies such as Althernanthera philoxeroides or Alternanthera tenella,Ammannia species such as Ammania coccinea, Anacamtodon fortunei Mitt.,Anagallis arvensis, Aneilema keisak, Arenaria serpyllifolia, Argemonemexicana, Asphodelus tenuifolius, Atriplex patula, Bacopa rotundifolia,Brassica napus, Caperonia species such as Caperonia castaneifolia orCaperonia palustris, Cephalanoplos segetum, Corynopus didymus, Crepiscapillaris, Crepis tectorum, Croton lobatus, Descuminia sophia (L.),Descurainia pinnata, Echinodorus grandiflorus, Eclipta alba, Ecliptaprostrata, Eichhornia crassipes, Eleocharis species, Equisetum arvense,Fallopia convolvulus, Fallopia convolvulus, Heteranthera limosa,Jussiaea species, Kallstroemia maxima, Lactuca serriola, Lathyrusaphaca, Launea mudicaulis, Leucas chinensis, Limnocharis flava,Lindernia dubia, Lindernia pyxidaria, Litospermum arvense, Ludwigiaspecies such as Ludwigia octovallis, Macroptilium lathyroides, Malachiumaquaticum (L.), Melilotus species, Merremia aegyptia, Momordicacharantia, Monochoria hastate, Monochoria vaginalis, Mucuna species,Murdannia nudiflora, Oxalis neaei, Phylanthus species, Physalis species,Pistia stratiotes, Potamogeton distinctus, Rorippa islandica, Rotalaindica, Rotala ramosior, Rumex dentatus, Rumex obtusifolius, Sagittariamontevidensis, Sagittaria pygmaea Miq., Sagittaria sagittifolia,Sagittaria trifolia L., Senecio vulgaris, Sicyos polyacanthus, Silenegallica, chenopoSisymbrium species such as Sisymbrium oficinale, Solanumspecies, Spergula arvensis, Sphenoclea zeylanica, Trianthema spp.,Tripleurospermum inodorum, Veronica species such as Veronica persica orVeronica polita Vicia sativa and the like.

Both L-glufosinate alone as well as the inventive mixtures are alsosuitable for controlling a large number of annual and perennial sedgeweeds including Cyperus species such as purple nutsedge (Cyperusrotundus L.), yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.), hime-kugu(Cyperus brevifolius H.), sedge weed (Cyperus microiria Steud), riceflatsedge (Cyperus iria L.), Cyperus difformis, Cyperus difformis L.,Cyperus esculentus, Cyperus ferax, Cyperus flavus, Cyperus iria, Cyperuslanceolatus, Cyperus odoratus, Cyperus rotundus, Cyperus serotinusRottb., Eleocharis acicularis, Eleocharis kuroguwai, Fimbristylisdichotoma, Fimbristylis miliacea, Scirpus grossus, Scirpus juncoides,Scirpus juncoides Roxb, Scirpus or Bolboschoenus maritimus, Scirpus orSchoenoplectus mucronatus, Scirpus planiculmis Fr. Schmidt and the like.

Both L-glufosinate alone as well as the inventive mixtures are alsosuitable for controlling weeds that are resistant to commonly usedherbicides such as, for example, weeds that are resistant to glyphosate,weeds that are resistant to auxin inhibitor herbicides such as e. g.2,4-D or dicamba, weeds that are resistant to photosynthesis inhibitorssuch as e. g. atrazine, weeds that are resistant to ALS inhibitors suchas e. g. sulfonylureas, imidazolinones or triazolopyrimidines, weedsthat are resistant to ACCase inhibitors such as e. g. clodinafop,clethodim or pinoxaden or weeds that are resistant toprotoporphyrinogen-IX-oxidase inhibitors such as e. g. sulfentrazone,flumioxazine, fomesafen or acifluorfen, for example the weeds that arelisted in the International Survey of Resistant Weeds(http://www.weedscience.org/Summary/SpeciesbySOATable.aspx). Inparticular, they are suitable for controlling the resistant weeds thatare listed in the International Survey of Resistant Weeds, for exampleACCase resistant Echinochloa crus-galli, Avena fatua, Alopecurusmyosuroides, Echinochloa colona, Alopecurus japonicus, Bromus tectorum,Hordeum murinum, Ischaemum rugosum, Setaria viridis, Sorghum halepense,Alopecurus aequalis, Apera spicaventi, Avena sterilis, Beckmanniaszygachne, Bromus diandrus, Digitaria sanguinalis, Echinocloa oryzoides,Echinochloa phyllopogon, Phalaris minor, Phalaris paradoxa, Setariafaberi, Setaria viridis, Brachypodium distachyon, Bromus diandrus,Bromus sterilis, Cynosurus echinatus, Digitaria insularis, Digitariaischaemum, Leptochloa chinensis, Phalaris brachystachis, Rotboelliacochinchinensis, Digitaria ciliaris, Ehrharta longiflora, Eriochloapunctata, Leptochloa panicoides, Lolium persicum, Polypogon fugax,Sclerochloa kengiana, Snowdenia polystacha, Sorghum sudanese andBrachiaria plantaginea, ALS inhibitor resistant Echinochloa crus-galli,Poa annus, Avena fatua, Alopecurus myosuroides, Echinochloa colona,Amaranthus hybridus, Amaranthus palmeri, Amaranthus rudis, Conyzasumatrensis, Amaranthus retroflexus, Ambrosia artemisifolia, Conyzacanadensis, Kochia scoparia, Raphanus raphanistrum, Senecio vernalis,Alopecurus japonicus, Bidens pilosa, Bromus tectorum, Chenopodium album,Conyza bonariensis, Hordeum murinum, lschaemum rugosum, Seneciovulgaris, Setaria viridis, Sisymbrium orientale, Sorghum halepense,Alopecurus aequalis, Amaranthus blitum, Amaranthus powellii, Aperaspica-venti, Avena sterilis, Brassica rapa, Bromus diandrus, Descurainiasophia, Digitaria sanguinalis, Echinochloa oryzoides, Echinochloaphyllopogon, Euphorbia heterophylla, Lactuca serriola, Phalaris minor,Phalaris paradoxa, Setaria faberi, Setaria viridis, Sinapis arvensis,Solanum ptycanthum, Sonchus oleraceus, Stellaria media, Amaranthusblitoides, Amaranthus spinosus, Amaranthus viridis, Ambrosia trifida,Bidens subalternans, Bromus diandrus, Bromus sterilis, Capsellabursa-pastoris, Centaurea cyanus, Cynosurus echinatus, Cyperusdifformis, Fimbristilis miliacea, Galeopsis tetrahit, Galium aparine,Galium spurium, Helianthus annuus, Hirschfeldia incana, Limnocharisflava, Limnophila erecta, Papaver rhoeas, Parthenium hysterophorus,Phalaris brachystachis, Polygonum convolvulus, Polygonum lapathifolium,Polygonum persicaria, Ranunculus acris, Rottboellia cochinchinensis,Sagittaria montevidensis, Salsola tragus, Schoenoplectus mucronatus,Setaria pumila, Sonchus asper, Xanthium strumarium, Ageratum conyzoides,Alisma canaliculatum, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Ammannia auriculata,Ammannia coccinea, Ammannia arvensis, Anthemis cotula, Bacoparotundifolia, Bifora radians, Blyxa aubertii, Brassica tournefortii,Bromus japonicus, Bromus secalinus, Lithospermum arvense, Camelinamicrocarpa, Chamaesyce maculata, Chrysanthemum coronarium, Clidemiahirta, Crepis tectorum, Cuscuta pentagona, Cyperus brevifolis, Cyperuscompressus, Cyperus esculentus, Cyperus iria, Cyperus odoratus,Damasonium minus, Diplotaxis erucoides, Diplotaxis tenuifolia, Dopatrumjunceum, Echium plantagineum, Elatine triandra, Eleocharis acicularis,Erucaria hispanica, Erysimum repandum, Galium tricornutum, Ivaxanthifolia, Ixophorus unisetus, Lamium amplexicaule, Limnophiliasessiliflora, Lindernia dubia, Lindernia micrantha, Linderniaprocumbens, Ludwigia prostrata, Matricaria recutita, Mesembryanthemumcrystallinum, Monochoria korsakowii, Monochoria vaginalis, Myosotonaquaticum, Neslia paniculata, Oryza sativa var. sylvatica, Pentziasuffruticosa, Picris hieracioides, Raphanus sativus, Rapistrum rugosum,Rorippa indica, Rotala indica, Rotala pusilla, Rumex dentatus,Sagittaria guayensis, Sagittaria pygmaea, Sagittaria trifolia,Schoenoplectus fluviatilis, Schoenoplectus juncoides, Schoenoplectuswallichii, Sida spinosa, Silene gallica, Sinapis alba, Sisymbriumthellungii, Sorghum bicolor, Spergula arvensis, Thlaspi arvense,Tripleurospermum perforatum, Vaccaria hispanica and Vicia sativa,photosynthesis inhibitor resistant Echinochloa crus-galli, Poa annua,Alopecurus myosuroides, Echinochloa colona, Amaranthus hybridus,Amaranthus palmeri, Amaranthus rudis, Conyza sumatrensis, Amaranthusretroflexus, Ambrosia artemisifolia, Conyza canadensis, Kochia scoparia,Raphanus raphanistrum, Senecio vernalis, Alopecurus japonicus, Bidenspilosa, Bromus tectorum, Chenopodium album, Conyza bonariensis,Ischaemum rugosum, Senecio vulgaris, Setaria viridis, Sisymbriumorientale, Amaranthus blitum, Amaranthus powellii, Apera spica-venti,Beckmannia syzigachne, Brassica rapa, Digitaria sanguinalis, Euphorbiaheterophylla, Phalaris minor, Phalaris paradoxa, Setaria faberi, Setariaviridis, Sinapis arvensis, Solanum ptycanthum, Stellaria media,Amaranthus blitoides, Amaranthus viridis, Bidens subalternans,Brachypodium distachyon, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Chloris barbata,Cyperus difformis, Echinochloa erecta, Epilobium ciliatum, Polygonumaviculare, Polygonum convolvulus, Polygonum lapathifolium, Polygonumpersicaria, Portulaca oleracea, Schoenoplectus mucronatus, Setariapumila, Solanum nigrum, Sonchus asper, Urochloa panicoides, Vulpiabromoides, Abutilon theophrasti, Amaranthus albus, Amaranthus cruentus,Arabidopsis thaliana, Arenaria serpyllifolia, Bidens tripartita,Chenopodium album, Chenopodium ficifolium, Chenopodium polyspermum,Crypsis schoenoides, Datura stramonium, Epilobium tetragonum, Galinsogaciliata, Matricaria discoidea, Panicum capillare, Panicumdichotomiflorum, Plantago lagopus, Polygonum hydopiper, Polygonumpensylvanicum, Polygonum monspeliensis, Rostraria, smyrnacea, Rumexacetosella, Setaria verticillata and Urtica urens, PS-I-electrondiversion inhibitor resistant Poa annua, Conyza sumatrensis, Conyzacanadensis, Alopecurus japonicus, Bidens pilosa, Conyza bonariensis,Hordeum murinum, Ischaemum rugosum, Amaranthus blitum, Solanumptycanthum, Arctotheca calendula, Epilobium ciliatum, Hedyotisverticillata, Solanum nigrum, Vulpia bromoides, Convolvulus arvensis,Crassocephalum crepidioides, Cuphea carthagensis, Erigeronphiladelphicus, Gamochaeta pensylvanica, Landoltia punctata, Lepidiumvirginicum, Mazus fauriei, Mazus pumilus, Mitracarpus hirtus,Sclerochloa dura, Solanum americanum and Youngia japonica, glyphosateresistant Poa annua, Echinochloa colona, Amaranthus hybridus, Amaranthuspalmeri, Amaranthus rudis, Conyza sumatrensis, Ambrosia artemisifolia,Conyza canadensis, Kochia scoparia, Raphanus raphanistrum, Bidenspilosa, Conyza bonariensis, Hordeum murinum, Sorghum halepense, Brassicarapa, Bromus diandrus, Lactuca serriola, Sonchus oleraceus, Amaranthusspinosus, Ambrosia trifida, Digitaria insularis, Hedyotis verticillata,Helianthus annuus, Parthenium hysterophorus, Plantago lanceolata,Salsola tragus, Urochloa panicoides, Brachiaria eruciformis, Bromusrubens, Chloris elata, Chloris truncata, Chloris virgata, Cynodonhirsutus, Lactuca saligna, Leptochloa virgata, Paspalum paniculatum andTridax procumbens, microtubule assembly inhibitor resistant Echinochloacrus-galli, Poa annua, Avena fatua, Alopecurus myosuroides, Amaranthuspalmeri, Setaria viridis, Sorghum halepense, Alopecurus aequalis,Beckmannia syzigachne and Fumaria densifloria, auxin herbicide resistantEchinochloa crus-galli, Echinochloa colona, Amaranthus hybridus,Amaranthus rudis, Conyza sumatrensis, Kochia scoparia, Raphanusraphanistrum, Chenopodia album, Sisymbrium orientale, Descurainiasophia, Lactuca serriola, Sinapis arvensis, Sonchus oleraceus, Stellariamedia, Arctotheca calendula, Centaurea cyanus, Digitaria ischaemum,Fimbristylis miliacea, Galeopsis tetrahit, Galium aparine, Galiumspurium, Hirschfeldia incana, Limnocharis flava, Limnocharis erecta,Papaver rhoeas, Plantago lanceolata, Ranunculus acris, Carduus nutans,Carduus pycnocephalus, Centaurea soltitialis, Centaurea stoebe ssp.Micranthos, Cirsium arvense, Commelina diffusa, Echinochloacrus-pavonis, Soliva sessilis and Sphenoclea zeylanica, HPPD inhibitorresistant Amaranthus palmeri and Amaranthus rudis, PPO inhibitorresistant Acalypha australis, Amaranthus hybridus, Amaranthus palmeri,Amaranthus retroflexus, Amaranthus rudis, Ambrosia artemisifolia, Avenafatua, Conyza sumatrensis, Descurainia sophia, Euphorbia heterophyllaand Senecio vernalis, carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor resistantHydrilla verticillata, Raphanus raphanistrum, Senecio vernalis andSisymbrium orientale, VLCFA inhibitor resistant Alopecurus myosuroides,Avena fatua and Echinochloa crus-galli.

The inventive mixtures are suitable for combating/controlling commonharmful plants in fields, where useful plants shall be planted (i.e. incrops). The inventive mixtures are generally suitable for burndown ofundesired vegetation in fields of the following crops:

-   -   Grain crops, including e.g.        -   cereals (small grain crops) such as wheat (Triticum            aestivum) and wheat like crops such as durum (T. durum),            einkorn (T. monococcum), emmer (T. dicoccon) and spelt (T.            spelta), rye (Secale cereale), triticale (Tritiosecale),            barley (Hordeum vulgare);        -   maize (corn; Zea mays);        -   sorghum (e.g. Sorghum bicolour);        -   rice (Oryza spp. such as Oryza sativa and Oryza glaberrima);            and        -   sugar cane;    -   Legumes (Fabaceae), including e.g. soybeans (Glycine max.),        peanuts (Arachis hypogaea and pulse crops such as peas including        Pisum sativum, pigeon pea and cowpea, beans including broad        beans (Vicia faba), Vigna spp., and Phaseolus spp. and lentils        (lens culinaris var.);    -   brassicaceae, including e.g. canola (Brassica napus), oilseed        rape (OSR, Brassica napus), cabbage (B. oleracea var.), mustard        such as B. juncea, B. campestris, B. narinosa, B. nigra and B.        tournefortii; and turnip (Brassica rapa var.);    -   other broadleaf crops including e.g. sunflower, cotton, flax,        linseed, sugarbeet, potato and tomato;    -   TNV-crops (TNV: trees, nuts and vine) including e.g. grapes,        citrus, pomefruit, e.g. apple and pear, coffee, pistachio and        oilpalm, stonefruit, e.g. peach, almond, walnut, olive, cherry,        plum and apricot;    -   turf, pasture and rangeland;    -   onion and garlic;    -   bulb ornamentals such as tulips and narcissus;    -   conifers and deciduous trees such as pinus, fir, oak, maple,        dogwood, hawthorne, crabapple, and rhamnus (buckthorn); and    -   garden ornamentals such as roses, petunia, marigold and        snapdragon.

The inventive mixtures are in particular suitable for burndown ofundesired vegetation in fields of the following crop plants: small graincrops such as wheat, barley, rye, triticale and durum, rice, maize(corn), sugarcane, sorghum, soybean, pulse crops such as pea, bean andlentils, peanut, sunflower, sugarbeet, potato, cotton, brassica crops,such as oilseed rape, canola, mustard, cabbage and turnip, turf,pasture, rangeland, grapes, pomefruit, such as apple and pear,stonefruit, such as peach, almond, walnut, pecans, olive, cherry, plumand apricot, citrus, coffee, pistachio, garden ornamentals, such asroses, petunia, marigold, snap dragon, bulb ornamentals such as tulipsand narcissus, conifers and deciduous trees such as pinus, fir, oak,maple, dogwood, hawthorne, crabapple and rhamnus.

The inventive mixtures are most suitable for burndown of undesiredvegetation in fields of the following crop plants: small grain cropssuch as wheat, barley, rye, triticale and durum, rice, maize, sugarcane,soybean, pulse crops such as pea, bean and lentils, peanut, sunflower,cotton, brassica crops, such as oilseed rape, canola, turf, pasture,rangeland, grapes, stonefruit, such as peach, almond, walnut, pecans,olive, cherry, plum and apricot, citrus and pistachio.

The invention furthermore relates to the use of a mixture as definedherein for controlling undesirable vegetation in crops in a burndownprogram, wherein the crop is produced by genetic engineering or bybreeding, are resistant to one or more herbicides and/or pathogens suchas plant-pathogenous fungi, and/or to attack by insects; preferablyresistant to glufosinate.

Thus, in as used in the present invention, the term “crops” as usedherein includes also (crop) plants which have been modified bymutagenesis or genetic engineering in order to provide a new trait to aplant or to modify an already present trait.

Mutagenesis includes techniques of random mutagenesis using X-rays ormutagenic chemicals, but also techniques of targeted mutagenesis, inorder to create mutations at a specific locus of a plant genome.Targeted mutagenesis techniques frequently use oligonucleotides orproteins like CRISPR/Cas, zinc-finger nucleases, TALENs or meganucleasesto achieve the targeting effect.

Genetic engineering usually uses recombinant DNA techniques to createmodifications in a plant genome which under natural circumstances cannotreadily be obtained by cross breeding, mutagenesis or naturalrecombination. Typically, one or more genes are integrated into thegenome of a plant in order to add a trait or improve a trait. Theseintegrated genes are also referred to as transgenes in the art, whileplant comprising such transgenes are referred to as transgenic plants.The process of plant transformation usually produces severaltransformation events, which differ in the genomic locus in which atransgene has been integrated. Plants comprising a specific transgene ona specific genomic locus are usually described as comprising a specific“event”, which is referred to by a specific event name. Traits whichhave been introduced in plants or have been modified include inparticular herbicide tolerance, insect resistance, increased yield andtolerance to abiotic conditions, like drought.

Herbicide tolerance has been created by using mutagenesis as well asusing genetic engineering. Plants which have been rendered tolerant toacetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor herbicides by conventional methodsof mutagenesis and breeding comprise plant varieties commerciallyavailable under the name Clearfield®. However, most of the herbicidetolerance traits have been created via the use of transgenes.

Herbicide tolerance has been created to glyphosate, glufosinate, 2,4-D,dicamba, oxynil herbicides, like bromoxynil and ioxynil, sulfonylureaherbicides, ALS inhibitor herbicides and 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvatedioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitors, like isoxaflutole and mesotrione.

Transgenes which have been used to provide herbicide tolerance traitscomprise: for tolerance to glyphosate: cp4 epsps, epsps grg23ace5,mepsps, 2mepsps, gat4601, gat4621 and goxv247, for tolerance toglufosinate: pat and bar, for tolerance to 2,4-D: aad-1 and aad-12, fortolerance to dicamba: dmo, for tolerance to oxynil herbicies: bxn, fortolerance to sulfonylurea herbicides: zm-hra, csr1-2, gm-hra, S4-HrA,for tolerance to ALS inhibitor herbicides: csr1-2, for tolerance to HPPDinhibitor herbicides: hppdPF, W336 and avhppd-03.

Transgenic corn events comprising herbicide tolerance genes are forexample, but not excluding others, DAS40278, MON801, MON802, MON809,MON810, MON832, MON87411, MON87419, MON87427, MON88017, MON89034, NK603,GA21, MZHG0JG, HCEM485, VCO-ØØ1-5, 676, 678, 680, 33121, 4114, 59122,98140, Bt10, Bt176, CBH-351, DBT418, DLL25, MS3, MS6, MZIR098, T25,TC1507 and TC6275.

Transgenic soybean events comprising herbicide tolerance genes are forexample, but not excluding others, GTS 40-3-2, MON87705, MON87708,MON87712, MON87769, MON89788, A2704-12, A2704-21, A5547-127, A5547-35,DP356043, DAS44406-6, DAS68416-4, DAS-81419-2, GU262, SYHTØH2, W62, W98,FG72 and CV127.

Transgenic cotton events comprising herbicide tolerance genes are forexample, but not excluding others, 19-51a, 31707, 42317, 81910,281-24-236, 3006-210-23, BXN10211, BXN10215, BXN10222, BXN10224,MON1445, MON1698, MON88701, MON88913, GHB119, GHB614, LLCotton25, T303-3and T304-40.

Transgenic canola events comprising herbicide tolerance genes are forexample, but not excluding others, MON88302, HCR-1, HCN10, HCN28, HCN92,MS1, MS8, PHY14, PHY23, PHY35, PHY36, RF1, RF2 and RF3.

Insect resistance has mainly been created by transferring bacterialgenes for insecticidal proteins to plants. Transgenes which have mostfrequently been used are toxin genes of Bacillus spec. and syntheticvariants thereof, like cry1A, cry1Ab, cry1Ab-Ac, cry1Ac, cry1A.105,cry1F, cry1Fa2, cry2Ab2, cry2Ae, mcry3A, ecry3.1Ab, cry3Bb1, cry34Ab1,cry35Ab1, cry9C, vip3A(a), vip3Aa20. However, also genes of plant originhave been transferred to other plants. In particular genes coding forprotease inhibitors, like CpTI and pinII. A further approach usestransgenes in order to produce double stranded RNA in plants to targetand downregulate insect genes. An example for such a transgene isdvsnf7.

Transgenic corn events comprising genes for insecticidal proteins ordouble stranded RNA are for example, but not excluding others, Bt10,Bt11, Bt176, MON801, MON802, MON809, MON810, MON863, MON87411, MON88017,MON89034, 33121, 4114, 5307, 59122, TC1507, TC6275, CBH-351, MIR162,DBT418 and MZIR098.

Transgenic soybean events comprising genes for insecticidal proteins arefor example, but not excluding others, MON87701, MON87751 and DAS-81419.

Transgenic cotton events comprising genes for insecticidal proteins arefor example, but not excluding others, SGK321, MON531, MON757, MON1076,MON15985, 31707, 31803, 31807, 31808, 42317, BNLA-601, Event1, COT67B,COT102, T303-3, T304-40, GFM Cry1A, GK12, MLS 9124, 281-24-236,3006-210-23, GHB119 and SGK321.

Increased yield has been created by increasing ear biomass using thetransgene athb17, being present in corn event MON87403, or by enhancingphotosynthesis using the transgene bbx32, being present in the soybeanevent MON87712.

Crops comprising a modified oil content have been created by using thetransgenes: gm-fad2-1, Pj.D6D, Nc.Fad3, fad2-1A and fatb1-A. Soybeanevents comprising at least one of these genes are: 260-05, MON87705 andMON87769.

Tolerance to abiotic conditions, in particular to tolerance to drought,has been created by using the transgene cspB, comprised by the cornevent MON87460 and by using the transgene Hahb-4, comprised by soybeanevent IND-ØØ41Ø-5.

Traits are frequently combined by combining genes in a transformationevent or by combining different events during the breeding process.Preferred combination of traits are herbicide tolerance to differentgroups of herbicides, insect tolerance to different kind of insects, inparticular tolerance to lepidopteran and coleopteran insects, herbicidetolerance with one or several types of insect resistance, herbicidetolerance with increased yield as well as a combination of herbicidetolerance and tolerance to abiotic conditions.

Plants comprising singular or stacked traits as well as the genes andevents providing these traits are well known in the art. For example,detailed information as to the mutagenized or integrated genes and therespective events are available from websites of the organizations“International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications(ISAAA)” (http://www.isaaa.org/gmapprovaldatabase) and the “Center forEnvironmental Risk Assessment (CERA)”(http://cera-gmc.org/GMCropDatabase), as well as in patent applications,like EP3028573 and WO2017/011288.

The use of inventive mixtures on crops may result in effects which arespecific to a crop comprising a certain gene or event. These effectsmight involve changes in growth behavior or changed resistance to bioticor abiotic stress factors. Such effects may in particular compriseenhanced yield, enhanced resistance or tolerance to insects, nematodes,fungal, bacterial, mycoplasma, viral or viroid pathogens as well asearly vigour, early or delayed ripening, cold or heat tolerance as wellas changed amino acid or fatty acid spectrum or content.

Furthermore, plants are also covered that contain by the use ofrecombinant DNA techniques a modified amount of ingredients or newingredients, specifically to improve raw material production, e.g.,potatoes that produce increased amounts of amylopectin (e.g. Amflora®potato, BASF SE, Germany).

Preferred are crops, which are tolerant to glufosinate, wherein theglufosinate tolerant crop plant is preferably selected grom the groupconsisting of rice, canola, soybean, corn and cotton plants.

Transgenic corn events comprising glufosinate tolerance genes are forexample, but not excluding others, 5307×MIR604×Bt11×TC1507×GA21×MIR162(event code:SYN-Ø53Ø7-1×SYN-IR6Ø4-5×SYN-BTØ11-1×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-ØØØ21-9×SYN-IR162-4,gene: pat, e.g. commercially available as Agrisure® Duracade™ 5222),59122 (event code: DAS-59122-7, gene: pat, e.g. commercially availableas Herculex™ RW), 5307×MIR604×Bt11×TC1507×GA21 (event code:SYN-Ø53Ø7-1×SYN-IR6Ø4-5×SYN-BTØ11-1×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat,e.g. commercially available as Agrisure® Duracade™ 5122), 59122×NK603(event code: DAS-59122-7×MON-ØØ6Ø3-6, gene: pat, e.g. commerciallyavailable as Herculex™ RW Roundup Ready™ 2), Bt10 (gene: pat, e.g.commercially available as Bt10), Bt11 (X4334CBR, X4734CBR) (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1, gene: pat, e.g. commercially available as Agrisure™ CB/LL),BT11×59122×MIR604×TC1507×GA21 (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1×DAS-59122-7×SYN-IR6Ø4-5×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat,e.g. commercially available as Agrisure® 3122), Bt11×GA21 (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat, e.g. commercially available asAgrisure™ GT/CB/LL), Bt11×MIR162 (event code: SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR162-4,gene: pat, e.g. commercially available as Agrisure® Viptera™ 2100),Bt11×MIR162×GA21 (event code: SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene:pat, e.g. commercially available as Agrisure® Viptera™ 3110),BT11×MIR162×MIR604 (event code: SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR6Ø4-5,gene: pat, e.g. commercially available as Agrisure® Viptera™ 3100),Bt11×MIR162×MIR604×GA21 (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR6Ø4-5×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat, e.g.commercially available as Agrisure® Viptera™ 3111, Agrisure® Viptera™4), Bt11×MIR162×TC1507×GA21 (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat, e.g.commercially available as Agrisure™ Viptera 3220), Bt11×MIR604 (eventcode: SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR6Ø4-5, gene: pat, e.g. commercially available asAgrisure™ CB/LL/RW), BT11×MIR604×GA21 (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR6Ø4-5×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat, e.g. commerciallyavailable as Agrisure™ 3000GT), Bt176 (176) (event code: SYN-EV176-9,gene: bar, e.g. commercially available as NaturGard KnockOut™,Maximizer™), CBH-351 (event code: ACS-ZMØØ4-3, gene: bar, e.g.commercially available as Starlink™ Maize), DBT418 (event code:DKB-89614-9, gene: bar, e.g. commercially available as Bt Xtra™ Maize),MON89034×TC1507×MON88017×59122 (event code:MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-88Ø17-3×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat, e.g.commercially available as Genuity® SmartStax™), MON89034×TC1507×NK603(event code: MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-ØØ6Ø3-6, gene: pat, e.g.commercially available as Power Core™), NK603×T25 (event code:MON-ØØ6Ø3-6×ACS-ZMØØ3-2, gene: pat, e.g. commercially available asRoundup Ready™ Liberty Link™ Maize), T14 (event code: ACS-ZMØØ2-1, gene:pat, e.g. commercially available as Liberty Link™ Maize), T25 (eventcode: ACS-ZMØØ3-2, gene: pat, e.g. commercially available as LibertyLink™ Maize), T25×MON810 (event code: ACS-ZMØØ3-2×MON-ØØ81Ø-6, gene:pat, e.g. commercially available as Liberty Link™ Yieldgard™ Maize),TC1507 (event code: DAS-Ø15Ø7-1, gene: pat, e.g. commercially availableas Herculex™ I, Herculex™ CB), TC1507×59122×MON810×MIR604×NK603 (eventcode: DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×DAS-59122-7×MON-ØØ81Ø-6×SYN-IR6Ø4-5×MON-ØØ6Ø3, gene:pat, e.g. commercially available as Optimum™ Intrasect Xtreme),TC1507×59122 (event code: DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat, e.g.commercially available as Herculex XTRA™), TC1507×59122×MON810×NK603(event code: DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×DAS-59122-7×MON-ØØ81Ø-6×MON-ØØ6Ø3-6, gene: pat,e.g. commercially available as Optimum™ Intrasect XTRA),TC1507×59122×NK603 (event code: DAS-Ø1507-1×DAS-59122-7×MON-ØØ6Ø3-6,gene: pat, e.g. commercially available as Herculex XTRA™ RR),TC1507×MIR604×NK603 (event code: DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×SYN-IR6Ø4-5×MON-ØØ6Ø3-6,gene: pat, e.g. commercially available as Optimum™ TRIsect),TC1507×MON810×NK603 (event code: DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-ØØ81Ø-6×MON-ØØ6Ø3-6,gene: pat, e.g. commercially available as Optimum™ Intrasect),TC1507×NK603 (event code: DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-ØØ6Ø3-6, gene: pat, e.g.commercially available as Herculex™ I RR), 3272×Bt11 (event code:,SYN-E3272-5×SYN-BTØ11-1 gene: pat), 3272×Bt11×GA21 (event code:SYN-E3272-5×SYN-BTØ11-1×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat), 3272×Bt11×MIR604 (eventcode: SYN-E3272-5×SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR6Ø4-5, gene: pat),3272×BT11×MIR604×GA21 (event code:SYN-E3272-5×SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR6Ø4-5×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat), 33121(event code: DP-Ø33121-3, gene: pat), 4114 (event code: DP-ØØ4114-3,gene: pat), 59122×GA21 (event code: DAS-59122-7×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat),59122×MIR604 (event code: DAS-59122-7×SYN-IR6Ø4-5, gene: pat),5307×MIR604×Bt11×TC1507×GA21×MIR162 (event code:, gene: pat),59122×MIR604×GA21 (event code: DAS-59122-7×SYN-IR6Ø4-5×MON-ØØØ21-9,gene: pat), 59122×MIR604×TC1507 (event code:DAS-59122-7×SYN-IR6Ø4-5×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1, gene: pat),59122×MIR604×TC1507×GA21 (event code:, gene: pat), (event code:DAS-59122-7×SYN-IR6Ø4-5×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat),59122×MON810 (event code: DAS-59122-7×MON-ØØ81Ø-6, gene: pat),59122×MON810×NK603 (event code: DAS-59122-7×MON-ØØ81Ø-6×MON-ØØ6Ø3-6,gene: pat), 59122×TC1507×GA21 (event code:DAS-59122-7×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat), 676 (event code:PH-ØØØ676-7, gene: pat), 678 (event code: PH-ØØØ678-9, gene: pat), 680(event code: PH-ØØØ68Ø-2, gene: pat), 98140×59122 (event code:DP-Ø9814Ø-6×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat), 98140×TC1507 (event code:DP-Ø9814Ø-6×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1, gene: pat), 98140×TC1507×59122 (event code:DP-Ø9814Ø-6×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat), 59122×MON88017 (eventcode: DAS-59122-7×MON-88Ø17-3, gene: pat), Bt11×59122 (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat), Bt11×59122×GA21 (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1×DAS-59122-7×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat), Bt11×59122×MIR604(event code: SYN-BTØ11-1×DAS-59122-7×SYN-IR6Ø4-5, gene: pat),Bt11×59122×MIR604×GA21 (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1×DAS-59122-7×SYN-IR6Ø4-5×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat),Bt11×59122×MIR604×TC1507 (event code: Bt11×59122×MIR604×TC1507, gene:pat), Bt11×59122×TC1507 (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1×DAS-59122-7×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1, gene: pat), Bt11×59122×TC1507×GA21(event code: SYN-BTØ11-1×DAS-59122-7×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene:pat), Bt11×MIR162×TC1507 (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1, gene: pat), Bt11×MIR604×TC1507(event code: SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR6Ø4-5×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1, gene: pat),Bt11×TC1507 (event code: SYN-BTØ11-1×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1, gene: pat),Bt11×TC1507×GA21 (event code: SYN-BTØ11-1×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-ØØ21-9, gene:pat), GA21×T25 (event code: MON-ØØØ21-9×ACS-ZMØØ3-2, gene: pat),MIR162×TC1507 (event code: SYN-IR162-4×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1, gene: pat),MIR162×TC1507×GA21 (event code: SYN-IR162-4×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-ØØØ21-9,gene: pat), MIR604×TC1507 (event code: SYN-IR6Ø4-5×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1, gene:pat), MON87427×MON89Ø34×TC1507×MON88Ø17×59122 (event code:MON-87427-7×MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-88Ø17-3×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat),MON89034×59122 (event code: MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat),MON89Ø34×59122×MON88017 (event code:, gene: pat), MON89034×TC1507 (eventcode: MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-59122-7×MON-88Ø17-3, gene: pat), (event code:MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1, gene: pat), MIR604×TC1507 (event code:SYN-IR6Ø4-5×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1, gene: pat),MON87427×MON89Ø34×TC15Ø7×MON88Ø17×59122 (event code:MON-87427-7×MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-88Ø17-3×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat),MON89034×59122 (event code: MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat),MON89034×59122×MON88017 (event code:, gene: pat), MON89034×TC1507 (eventcode: MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-59122-7×MON-88Ø17-3, gene: pat), (event code:MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1, gene: pat), DLL25 (B16) (event code:DKB-8979Ø-5, gene: bar), MIR604×TC1507 (event code:SYN-IR6Ø4-5×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1, gene: pat),MON87427×MON89Ø34×TC15Ø7×MON88Ø17×59122 (event code:MON-87427-7×MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-88Ø17-3×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat),MON89Ø34×59122 (event code: MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat),MON89034×59122×MON88017 (event code:MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-59122-7×MON-88Ø17-3, gene: pat), MON89034×TC1507 (eventcode: MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1, gene: pat), MON89034×TC1507×59122 (eventcode: MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat),MON89034×TC1507×MON88017 (event code:MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-88Ø17-3, gene: pat),MON89034×TC1507×MON88017×59122×DAS40278 (event code:MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-88Ø17-3×DAS-59122-7×DAS-4Ø278-9, gene: pat),MON89034×TC1507×MON88017×DAS40278 (event code:MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-88Ø17-3×DAS-59122-7×DAS-4Ø278-9, gene: pat),MON89034×TC1507×NK603×DAS40278 (event code:MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-ØØ6Ø3-6×DAS-4Ø278-9, gene: pat),NK603×MON810×4114×MIR 604 (event code:MON-00603-6×MON-00810-6×DP004114-3×SYN-IR604-4, gene: pat),TC1507×MON810×MIR604×NK603 (event code:DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-ØØ81Ø-6×SYN-IR6Ø4-5×MON-ØØ6Ø3-6, gene: pat),TC1507×59122×MON810 (event code: DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×DAS-59122-7×MON-ØØ81Ø-6,gene: pat), TC1507×59122×MON88017 (event code:DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×DAS-59122-7×MON-88Ø17-3, gene: pat), TC1507×GA21 (eventcode: DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat), TC1507×MON810 (event code:DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-ØØ81Ø-6, gene: pat), TC1507×MON810×MIR162×NK603 (eventcode: DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-ØØ81Ø-6×SYN-IR162-4×MON-ØØ6Ø3-6, gene: pat),3272×Bt11×MIR604×TC1507×5307×GA21 (event code:SYN-E3272-5×SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR6Ø4-5×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×SYN-Ø53Ø7-1×MON-ØØØ21-9,gene: pat), TC1507×MIR162×NK603 (event code:DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×SYN-IR162-4×MON-ØØ6Ø3-6, gene: pat), TC1507×MON810×MIR162(event code: DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-ØØ81Ø-6×SYN-IR162-4, gene: pat), MON87419(event code: MON87419-8, gene: pat), TC1507×MON88017 (event code:DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-88Ø17-3, gene: pat), TC6275 (event code: DAS-Ø6275-8,gene: bar), MZHG0JG (event code: SYN-ØØØJG-2, gene: pat), MZIR098 (eventcode: SYN-ØØØ98-3, gene: pat), Bt11×MIR162×MON89034 (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×MON-89Ø34-3, gene: pat) andBt11×MIR162×MON89Ø34×GA21 (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×MON-89Ø34-3×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat),59122×DAS40278 (event code: DAS-59122-7×DAS-4Ø278-9, gene: pat),59122×MON810×MIR604 (event code: DAS-59122-7×MON-ØØ81Ø-6×SYN-IR6Ø4-5,gene: pat), 59122×MON810×NK603×MIR604 (event code:DAS-59122-7×MON-ØØ81Ø-6×MON-ØØ6Ø3-6×SYN-IR6Ø4-5, gene: pat),59122×MON88017×DAS40278 (event code:DAS-59122-7×MON-88Ø17-3×DAS-4Ø278-9, gene: pat), 59122×NK603×MIR604(event code: DAS-59122-7×MON-ØØ6Ø3-6×SYN-IR6Ø4-5, gene: pat), Bt11×5307(event code: SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-Ø53Ø7-1, gene: pat), Bt11×5307×GA21 (eventcode: SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-Ø53Ø7-1×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat), Bt11×MIR162×5307(event code: SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×SYN-Ø53Ø7-1, gene: pat),Bt11×MIR162×5307×GA21 (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×SYN-Ø53Ø7-1×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat),BT11×MIR162×MIR604×5307 (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR6Ø4-5×SYN-Ø53Ø7-1, gene: pat),Bt11×MIR162×MIR604×5307×GA21 (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR6Ø4-5×SYN-Ø53Ø7-1×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat),Bt11×MIR162×MIR604×MON89Ø34×5307×GA21 (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR6Ø4-5×MON-89Ø34-3×SYN-Ø53Ø7-1×MON-ØØØ21-9,gene: pat), BT11×MIR162×MIR604×TC1507 (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR6Ø4-5×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1, gene: pat),BT11×MIR162×MIR604×TC1507×5307 (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR6Ø4-5×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×SYN-Ø53Ø7-1, gene: pat),Bt11×MIR162×MIR604×TC1507×GA21 (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR6Ø4-5×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat),Bt11×MIR162×TC1507×5307 (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×SYN-Ø53Ø7-1, gene: pat),BT11×MIR162×MIR604×TC1507×5307 (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR6Ø4-5×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×SYN-Ø53Ø7-1, gene: pat),Bt11×MIR162×MIR604×TC1507×GA21 (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR6Ø4-5×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat),Bt11×MIR162×TC1507×5307 (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×SYN-Ø53Ø7-1, gene: pat),Bt11×MIR162×TC1507×5307×GA21 (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×SYN-Ø53Ø7-1×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat),Bt11×MIR604×5307 (event code: SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR6Ø4-5×SYN-Ø53Ø7-1, gene:pat), Bt11×MIR604×5307×GA21 (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR6Ø4-5×SYN-Ø53Ø7-1×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat),Bt11×MIR604×TC1507×5307 (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR6Ø4-5×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×SYN-Ø53Ø7-1, gene: pat),Bt11×MIR604×TC1507×GA21 (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1×SYN-IR6Ø4-5×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat),Bt11×MON89034 (or Bt11×MON89Ø34) (event code: SYN-BTØ11-1×MON-89Ø34-3,gene: pat), Bt11×MON89034×GA21 (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1×MON-89Ø34-3×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat), Bt11×MON89Ø34×GA21(event code: SYN-BTØ11-1×MON-89Ø34-3×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat),Bt11×TC1507×5307 (event code: SYN-BTØ11-1×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×SYN-Ø53Ø7-1, gene:pat), Bt11×TC1507×5307×GA21 (event code:SYN-BTØ11-1×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×SYN-Ø53Ø7-1×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat),MIR162×MIR604×TC1507×5307 (event code:SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR6Ø4-5×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×SYN-Ø53Ø7-1, gene: pat),MIR162×MIR604×TC1507×5307×GA21 (event code:SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR6Ø4-5×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×SYN-Ø53Ø7-1×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat),MIR162×MIR604×TC1507×GA21 (event code:SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR604-5×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat),MIR162×TC1507×5307 (event code: SYN-IR162-4×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×SYN-Ø53Ø7-1,gene: pat), MIR162×TC1507×5307×GA21 (event code:SYN-IR162-4×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×SYN-Ø53Ø7-1×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat),MIR604×TC1507×5307 (event code: SYN-IR6Ø4-5×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×SYN-Ø53Ø7-1,gene: pat), MIR162×TC1507×5307 (event code:SYN-IR162-4×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×SYN-Ø53Ø7-1, gene: pat), MIR162×TC1507×5307×GA21(event code: SYN-IR162-4×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×SYN-Ø53Ø7-1×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene:pat), MIR604×TC1507×5307 (event code:SYN-IR6Ø4-5×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×SYN-Ø53Ø7-1, gene: pat), MIR604×TC1507×5307×GA21(event code: SYN-IR6Ø4-5×TC1507×SYN-Ø53Ø7-1×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat),MIR604×TC1507×GA21 (event code: SYN-IR6Ø4-5×TC1507×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene:pat), MON87427×59122 (event code MON-87427-7×DAS-59122-7:, gene: pat),MON87427×MON89034×59122 (event code:MON-87427-7×MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat),MON87427×MON89034×MON88017×59122 (event code:MON-87427-7×MON-89Ø34-3×MON-88Ø17-3×59122, gene: pat),MON87427×MON89034×TC1507 (event code:MON-87427-7×MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1, gene: pat),MON87427×MON89034×TC1507×59122 (event code:MON-87427-7×MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat),MON87427×MON89034×TC1507×MON87411×59122 (event code:MON-87427-7×MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-87411-9×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat),MON87427×MON89034×TC1507×MON87411×59122×DAS40278 (event code:MON-87427-7×MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-87411-9×DAS-59122-7×DAS-4Ø278-9,gene: pat), MON87427×MON89034×TC1507×MON88017 (event code:MON-87427-7×MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-88Ø17-3, gene: pat),MON87427×TC1507 (event code: MON-87427-7×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1, gene: pat),MON87427×TC1507×59122 (event code: MON-87427-7×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×DAS-59122-7,gene: pat), MON87427×TC1507×MON88017 (event code:MON-87427-7×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-88Ø17-3, gene: pat),MON87427×TC1507×MON88017×59122 (event code:MON-87427-7×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-88Ø17-3×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat),MON89034×59122×DAS40278 (event code:MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-59122-7×DAS-4Ø278-9, gene: pat),MON89034×59122×MON88017×DAS40278 (event code:MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-59122-7×MON-88Ø17-3×DAS-4Ø278-9, gene: pat),MON89034×TC1507×59122×DAS4Ø278 (event code:MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×DAS-59122-7×DAS-4Ø278-9, gene: pat),MON89034×TC1507×DAS4Ø278 (event code:MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×DAS-4Ø278-9, gene: pat),MON89034×TC1507×NK603×MIR162 (event code:MON-89Ø34-3×DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-ØØ6Ø3-6×SYN-IR162-4, gene: pat), TC1507×5307(event code: DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×SYN-Ø53Ø7-1, gene: pat), TC1507×5307×GA21(event code: DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×SYN-Ø53Ø7-1×MON-ØØØ21-9, gene: pat),TC1507×59122×DAS40278 (event code: DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×DAS-59122-7×DAS-4Ø278-9,gene: pat), TC1507×59122×MON810×MIR604 (event code:DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×DAS-59122-7×MON-ØØ81Ø-6×SYN-IR6Ø4-5, gene: pat),TC1507×59122×MON88017×DAS4Ø278 (event code:DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×DAS-59122-7×MON-88Ø17-3×DAS-4Ø278-9, gene: pat),TC1507×59122×NK603×MIR604 (event code:, gene: pat)DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×DAS-59122-7×MON-ØØ6Ø3-6×SYN-IR6Ø4-5, TC1507×DAS40278 (eventcode: DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×DAS-4Ø278-9, gene: pat), TC1507×MON810×MIR604 (eventcode: DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-ØØ81Ø-6×SYN-IR6Ø4-5, gene: pat),TC1507×MON810×NK603×MIR604 (event code:DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-ØØ81Ø-6×MON-ØØ6Ø3-6×SYN-IR6Ø4-5, gene: pat),TC1507×MON88017×DAS40278 (event code:DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-88Ø17-3×DAS-4Ø278-9, gene: pat) andTC1507×NK603×DAS40278 (event code: DAS-Ø15Ø7-1×MON-ØØ6Ø3-6×DAS-4Ø278-9,gene: pat).

Transgenic soybean events comprising glufosinate tolerance genes are forexample, but not excluding others, A2704-12 (event code: ACS-GMØØ5-3,gene: pat, e.g. commercially available as Liberty Link™ soybean),A2704-21 (event code: ACS-GMØØ4-2, gene: pat, e.g. commerciallyavailable as Liberty Link™ soybean), A5547-127 (event code: ACS-GMØØ6-4,gene: pat, e.g. commercially available as Liberty Link™ soybean),A5547-35 (event code: ACS-GMØØ8-6, gene: pat, e.g. commerciallyavailable as Liberty Link™ soybean), GU262 (event code: ACS-GMØØ3-1,gene: pat, e.g. commercially available as Liberty Link™ soybean), W62(event code: ACS-GMØØ2-9, gene: pat, e.g. commercially available asLiberty Link™ soybean), W98 (event code: ACS-GMØØ1-8, gene: pat, e.g.commercially available as Liberty Link™ soybean), DAS68416-4 (eventcode: DAS-68416-4, gene: pat, e.g. commercially available as Enlist™Soybean), DAS44406-6 (event code: DAS-444Ø6-6, gene: pat),DAS68416-4×MON89788 (event code: DAS-68416-4×MON-89788-1, gene: pat),SYHTØH2 (event code: SYN-ØØØH2-5, gene: pat), DAS81419×DAS44406-6 (eventcode: DAS-81419-2×DAS-444Ø6-6, gene: pat) and FG72×A5547-127 (eventcode: MST-FGØ72-3×ACS-GMØØ6-4, gene: pat).

Transgenic cotton events comprising glufosinate tolerance genes are forexample, but not excluding others, 3006-210-23×281-24-236×MON1445 (eventcode: DAS-21Ø23-5×DAS-24236-5×MON-Ø1445-2, gene: bar, e.g. commerciallyavailable as WideStrike™ Roundup Ready™ Cotton),3006-210-23×281-24-236×MON88913 (event code:DAS-21Ø23-5×DAS-24236-5×MON-88913-8, gene: bar, e.g. commerciallyavailable as Widestrike™ Roundup Ready Flex™ Cotton),3006-210-23×281-24-236×MON88913×COT102 (event code:DAS-21Ø23-5×DAS-24236-5×MON-88913-8×SYN-IR1Ø2-7, gene: pat, e.g.commercially available as Widestrike™×Roundup Ready Flex™×VIPCOT™Cotton), GHB614×LLCotton25 (event code: BCS-GHØØ2-5×ACS-GHØØ1-3, gene:bar, e.g. commercially available as GlyTol™ Liberty Link™),GHB614×T304-40×GHB119 (event code: BCS-GHØØ2-5×BCS-GHØØ4-7×BCS-GHØØ5-8,gene: bar, e.g. commercially available as Glytol™×Twinlink™), LLCotton25(event code: ACS-GHØØ1-3, gene: bar, e.g. commercially available asACS-GHØØ1-3), GHB614×T304-40×GHB119×COT102 (event code:BCS-GHØØ2-5×BCS-GHØØ4-7×BCS-GHØØ5-8×SYN-IR1Ø2-7, gene: bar, e.g.commercially available as Glytol™×Twinlink™×VIPCOT™ Cotton),LLCotton25×MON15985 (event code: ACS-GHØØ1-3×MON-15985-7, gene: bar,e.g. commercially available as Fibermax™ Liberty Link™ Bollgard II™),T304-40×GHB119 (event code: BCS-GHØØ4-7×BCS-GHØØ5-8, gene: bar, e.g.commercially available as TwinLink™ Cotton),GHB614×T304-40×GHB119×COT102 (event code:BCS-GHØØ2-5×BCS-GHØØ4-7×BCS-GHØØ5-8×SYN-IR1Ø2-7, gene: bar, e.g.commercially available as Glytol™×Twinlink™×VIPCOT™ Cotton), GHB119(event code: BCS-GHØØ5-8, gene: bar), GHB614×LLCotton25×MON15985 (eventcode: CS-GHØØ2-5×ACS-GHØØ1-3×MON-15985-7, gene: bar), MON 887Ø1-3 (eventcode: MON88701, gene: bar), T303-3 (event code: BCS-GHØØ3-6, gene: bar),T304-40 (event code: BCS-GHØØ3-6, gene: bar), (event code: BCS-GHØØ4-7,gene: bar), 81910 (event code: DAS-81910-7, gene: pat), MON8870 (eventcode: MON 887Ø1-3, gene: bar), MON88701×MON88913 (event code: MON887Ø1-3'MON-88913-8, gene: bar), MON88701×MON88913×MON15985 (event code:MON 887Ø1-3×MON-88913-8×MON-15985-7, gene: bar),281-24-236×3006-210-23×COT102×81910 (event code:DAS-24236-5×DAS-21Ø23-5×SYN-IR1Ø2-7×DAS-81910-7, gene: pat),COT102×MON15985×MON88913×MON88701 (event code:SYN-IR1Ø2-7×MON-15985-7×MON-88913-8×MON 88701-3, gene: bar) and3006-210-23×281-24-236×MON88913×COT102×81910 (event code:DAS-21Ø23-5×DAS-24236-5×MON-88913-8×SYN-IR1Ø2-7×DAS-81910-7, gene: pat).

Transgenic canola events comprising glufosinate tolerance genes are forexample, but not excluding others, HON10 (Topas 19/2) (event code:,gene: bar, e.g. commercially available as Liberty Link™ Independence™),HCN28 (T45) (event code: ACS-BNØØ8-2, gene: pat, e.g. commerciallyavailable as InVigor™ Canola), HCN92 (Topas 19/2 (event code:ACS-BNØØ7-1, gene: bar, e.g. commercially available as Liberty Link™Innovator™), MS1 (B91-4) (event code: ACS-BNØØ4-7, gene: bar, e.g.commercially available as InVigor™ Canola), MS1×RF1 (PGS1) (event code:ACS-BNØØ4-7×ACS-BNØØ1-4, gene: bar, e.g. commercially available asInVigor™ Canola), MS1×RF2 (PGS2) (event code: ACS-BNØØ4-7×ACS-BNØØ2-5,gene: bar, e.g. commercially available as InVigor™ Canola), MS1×RF3(event code: ACS-BNØØ4-7×ACS-BNØØ3-6, gene: bar, e.g. commerciallyavailable as InVigor™ Canola), MS8 (event code: ACS-BNØØ5-8, gene: bar,e.g. commercially available as InVigor™ Canola), MS8×RF3 (event code:ACS-BNØØ5-8×ACS-BNØØ3-6, gene: bar, e.g. commercially available asInVigor™ Canola), RF1 (B93-101) (event code: ACS-BNØØ1-4, gene: bar,e.g. commercially available as InVigor™ Canola), RF2 (B94-2) (eventcode: ACS-BNØØ2-5, gene: bar, e.g. commercially available as InVigor™Canola), RF3 (event code: ACS-BNØØ3-6, gene: bar, e.g. commerciallyavailable as InVigor™ Canola), MS1×MON88302 (event code:ACS-BNØØ4-7×MON-883Ø2-9, gene: bar, e.g. commercially available asInVigor™×TruFlex™ Roundup Ready™ Canola), MS8×MON88302 (event code:ACS-BNØØ5-8×MON-883Ø2-9, gene: bar, e.g. commercially available asInVigor™×TruFlex™ Roundup Ready™ Canola), RF1×MON88302 (event code:ACS-BNØØ1-4×MON-883Ø2-9, gene: bar, e.g. commercially available asInVigor™×TruFlex™ Roundup Ready™ Canola), RF2×MON88302 (event code:ACS-BNØØ2-5×MON-883Ø2-9, gene: bar, e.g. commercially available asInVigor™×TruFlex™ Roundup Ready™ Canola), HCN28×MON88302 (event code:ACS-BNØØ8-2×MON-883Ø2-9, gene: pat, e.g. commercially available asInVigor™×TruFlex™ Roundup Ready™ Canola), HCN92×MON88302 (event code:ACS-BNØØ7-1×MON-883Ø2-9, gene: bar, e.g. commercially available asLiberty Link™ Innovator™×TruFlex™ Roundup Ready™ Canola), HCR-1 (gene:pat), MON88302×MS8×RF3 (event code: MON-883Ø2-9×ACS-BNØØ5-8×ACS-BNØØ3-6,gene: bar), MON88302×RF3 (event code: MON-883Ø2-9×ACS-BNØØ3-6, gene:bar), MS8×RF3×GT73 (RT73) (event code:, gene: bar), PHY14 (event code:ACS-BNØØ5-8×ACS-BNØØ3-6×MON-ØØØ73-7, gene: bar), PHY23 (gene: bar),PHY35 (gene: bar) and PHY36 (gene: bar) and 73496×RF3 (event code:DP-Ø73496-4×ACS-BNØØ3-6, gene: bar).

Transgenic rice events comprising glufosinate tolerance genes are forexample, but not excluding others, LLRICE06 (event code: ACS-OSØØ1-4,e.g. commercially available as Liberty Link™ rice), LLRICE601 (eventcode: BCS-OSØØ3-7, e.g. commercially available as Liberty Link™ rice)and LLRICE62 (event code: ACS-OSØØ2-5, e.g. commercially available asLiberty Link™ rice).

The inventive mixtures can be applied in conventional manner by usingtechniques as skilled person is familiar with. Suitable techniquesinclude spraying, atomizing, dusting, spreading or watering. The type ofapplication depends on the intended purpose in a well known manner; inany case, they should ensure the finest possible distribution of theactive ingredients according to the invention.

In one embodiment, the inventive mixtures are applied to locus mainly byspraying, in particular foliar spraying of an aqueous dilution of theactive ingredients of the mixture. Application can be carried out bycustomary spraying techniques using, for example, water as carrier andspray liquor rates of from about 10 to 2000 l/ha or 50 to 1000 l/ha (forexample from 100 to 500 l/ha). Application of the inventive mixtures bythe low-volume and the ultra-low-volume method is possible, as is theirapplication in the form of microgranules.

The required application rate of the mixture of the pure activecompounds depends on the density of the undesired vegetation, on thedevelopment stage of the plants, on the climatic conditions of thelocation where the mixture is used and on the application method.

In general, the rate of application of L-glufosinate is usually from 50g/ha to 3000 g/ha and preferably in the range from 100 g/ha to 2000 g/haor from 200 g/ha to 1500 g/ha of active substance (a.i.), and the rateof application of the herbicidal compound II is from 1 g/ha to 2000 g/haand preferably in the range from 5 g/ha to 1500 g/ha, more preferablyfrom 25 g/ha to 900 g/ha of active substance (a.i.).

The examples which follow illustrate the invention without imposing anylimitation.

BIOLOGICAL EXAMPLES

Synergism can be described as an interaction where the combined effectof two or more compounds is greater than the sum of the individualeffects of each of the compounds. The presence of a synergistic effectin terms of percent control, between two mixing partners (X and Y) canbe calculated using the Colby equation (Colby, S. R., 1967, CalculatingSynergistic and Antagonistic Responses in Herbicide Combinations, Weeds,15, 21-22):

$E = {X + Y - \frac{XY}{100}}$

When the observed combined control effect is greater than the expected(calculated) combined control effect (E), then the combined effect issynergistic.

The following tests demonstrate the control efficacy of compounds,mixtures or compositions of this invention on specific weeds. However,the weed control afforded by the compounds, mixtures or compositions isnot limited to these species. The analysis of synergism or antagonismbetween the mixtures or compositions was determined using Colby'sequation.

Test Method:

The culture containers used were plastic flowerpots containing loamysand with approximately 3.0% of humus as the substrate. The seeds of thetest plants were sown separately for each species and/or resistantbiotype. For the pre-emergence treatment, the active ingredients, whichhad been suspended or emulsified in water, were applied directly aftersowing by means of finely distributing nozzles. The containers wereirrigated gently to promote germination and growth and subsequentlycovered with transparent plastic hoods until the plants had rooted. Thiscover caused uniform germination of the test plants, unless this hadbeen impaired by the active ingredients. For the post-emergencetreatment, the test plants were first grown to a height of 3 to 15 cm,depending on the plant habit, and only then treated with the activeingredients which had been suspended or emulsified in water. For thispurpose, the test plants were either sown directly and grown in the samecontainers, or they were first grown separately as seedlings andtransplanted into the test containers a few days prior to treatment.Depending on the species, the plants were kept at 10-25° C. or 20-35°C., respectively. The test period extended to 20 days after treatment.During this time, the plants were tended, and their response to theindividual treatments was evaluated. The evaluation was carried out byusing a scale from 0 to 100. 100 means no emergence of the plants orcomplete destruction of at least the above-ground parts, and 0 means nodamage, or normal course of growth. Data shown are the mean of tworeplications.

Products:

L-Glufosinate: 5% EC formulation

Triaziflam: 5% EC formulation

Methiozolin: 250 g/l SC formulation

Weeds in the Study:

EPPO Code Scientific Name LOLMU Lolium multiflorum

Example 1 Post Emergence Treatment with the Mixture of L-Glufosinatewith Triaziflam

Herbicidal activity against Application rate in g ai/ha LOLMUL-Glufosinate triaziflam Found Calculated 75 — 0 — — 250 55 — 75 250 6055 75 — 0 — — 125 10 — 75 125 45 10

Example 2 Post Emergence Treatment with the Mixture of L-Glufosinatewith Methiozolin

Herbicidal activity against Application rate in g ai/ha LOLMUL-Glufosinate methiozoline Found Calculated 75 — 0 — — 250 25 — 75 25040 25 75 — 0 — — 125 0 — 75 125 10 0

The invention claimed is:
 1. A herbicidal mixture comprising a)L-glufosinate and its salts as compound I; and b) a herbicidal compoundII; wherein herbicidal compound it is methiozolin; wherein L-glufosinatecorm rises more than 70% by weight of the L-enantiomer.
 2. Theherbicidal mixture of claim 1, wherein compound I is selected from thegroup consisting of L-glufosinate-ammonium, L-glufosinate-sodium asL-glufosinate salts, and L-glufosinate as free acid.
 3. The herbicidalmixture of claim 1, wherein compound I is L-glufosinate-ammonium.
 4. Theherbicidal mixture of claim 1, wherein L-glufosinate comprises more than80% by weight.
 5. The herbicidal mixture of claim 1, wherein the weightratio of compound I to compound II is from 1000:1 to 1:500.
 6. Apesticidal composition, comprising a liquid or solid carrier and theherbicidal mixture of claim
 1. 7. A method for controlling undesirablevegetation comprising applying the herbicidal mixture of claim 1 to alocus where undesirable vegetation is present or is expected to bepresent.
 8. The method of claim 7, comprising application of theherbicidal mixture prior to emergence of the crop.
 9. The method ofclaim 7, comprising application of the herbicidal mixture prior toplanting the crop.
 10. The method of claim 7, wherein the crop isselected from rice, maize, pulse crops, cotton, canola, small graincereals, soybeans, peanut, sugarcane, sunflower, plantation crops, treecrops, nuts and grapes.
 11. The method of claim 7, wherein the crop isselected from glufosinate tolerant crops.
 12. The method of claim 7,wherein compounds I and II of the mixture are applied simultaneously,that is jointly or separately, or in succession.
 13. The herbicidalmixture of claim 1, wherein L-glufosinate comprises more than 90% byweight of the L-enantiomer.
 14. The herbicidal mixture of claim 1,wherein L-glufosinate comprises 95% by weight of the L-enantiomer.